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Trigeminal Neuralgia Is a Dementia Risk Factor: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Author

Listed:
  • Yung-Han Cheng

    (Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • Chieh-Hsin Wu

    (Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • Wei-Ting Wang

    (Department of Radiology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei City 11490, Taiwan)

  • Ying-Yi Lu

    (Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan
    Department of Nursing, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan)

  • Ming-Kung Wu

    (Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
    Department of Health and Beauty, Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management, Kaohsiung 821, Taiwan)

Abstract

Background : Dementia, a worldwide public-health issue, is regarded as a disorder rather than a normal aging process. Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a chronic debilitating pain disorder that impairs daily activities. Both are most prevalent in females and in patients older than 50 years. Recent studies reveal that pain and dementia may have a reciprocal interaction with each other. Objective : In response, we estimated whether adults with TN have an increased dementia risk. Methodology : By means of Taiwan’s National Health Insurance Research Database, between 1996 and 2010, 762 patients aged over 50 years in the TN group were matched with 3048 patients in the non-TN group at a ratio of 1:4. Kaplan–Meier method and Cox proportional hazard regression models were also used to determine the cumulative incidence and compare the hazard ratios of dementia in each group. Results : The incidence of dementia was higher in the TN group compared to the non-TN group. After adjusting for covariates, the TN group had a 4.47-fold higher risk of dementia compared to the non-TN group. Additionally, the impact of TN on dementia risk was larger in young-aged patients than in old-aged patients. As well, the age at the time of dementia diagnosis was younger in the TN group compared to the non-TN group. Conclusions : TN is a dementia risk factor. Given the lack of a curative therapy for dementia, early identification of TN patients may help to prevent dementia sequelae.

Suggested Citation

  • Yung-Han Cheng & Chieh-Hsin Wu & Wei-Ting Wang & Ying-Yi Lu & Ming-Kung Wu, 2022. "Trigeminal Neuralgia Is a Dementia Risk Factor: A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-10, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:10:p:6073-:d:817113
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Robert Gerwin, 2020. "Chronic Facial Pain: Trigeminal Neuralgia, Persistent Idiopathic Facial Pain, and Myofascial Pain Syndrome—An Evidence-Based Narrative Review and Etiological Hypothesis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(19), pages 1-20, September.
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