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Fast, Direct Dihydrouracil Quantitation in Human Saliva: Method Development, Validation, and Application

Author

Listed:
  • Beatrice Campanella

    (National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Tommaso Lomonaco

    (Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 15, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Edoardo Benedetti

    (Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56127 Pisa, Italy)

  • Massimo Onor

    (National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Riccardo Nieri

    (National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

  • Federica Marmorino

    (Unity of Oncology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127 Pisa, Italy)

  • Chiara Cremolini

    (Unity of Oncology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127 Pisa, Italy)

  • Emilia Bramanti

    (National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy)

Abstract

Background . Salivary metabolomics is garnering increasing attention in the health field because of easy, minimally invasive saliva sampling. Dihydrouracil (DHU) is a metabolite of pyrimidine metabolism present in urine, plasma, and saliva and of fluoropyrimidines-based chemotherapeutics. Its fast quantification would help in the identification of patients with higher risk of fluoropyrimidine-induced toxicity and inborn errors of pyrimidine metabolism. Few studies consider DHU as the main salivary metabolite, but reports of its concentration levels in saliva are scarce. We propose the direct determination of DHU in saliva by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC-UV detector) as a simple, rapid procedure for non-invasive screening. Methods . The method used was validated and applied to 176 saliva samples collected from 21 nominally healthy volunteers and 4 saliva samples from metastatic colorectal cancer patients before and after receiving 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Results. DHU levels in all samples analyzed were in the μmol L −1 range or below proving that DHU is not the main metabolite in saliva and confirming the results found in the literature with LC-MS/MS instrumentation. Any increase of DHU due to metabolism dysfunctions can be suggestive of disease and easily monitored in saliva using common, low-cost instrumentation available also for population screening.

Suggested Citation

  • Beatrice Campanella & Tommaso Lomonaco & Edoardo Benedetti & Massimo Onor & Riccardo Nieri & Federica Marmorino & Chiara Cremolini & Emilia Bramanti, 2022. "Fast, Direct Dihydrouracil Quantitation in Human Saliva: Method Development, Validation, and Application," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-8, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:10:p:6033-:d:816431
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Beatrice Campanella & Tommaso Lomonaco & Edoardo Benedetti & Massimo Onor & Riccardo Nieri & Emilia Bramanti, 2020. "Validation and Application of a Derivatization-Free RP-HPLC-DAD Method for the Determination of Low Molecular Weight Salivary Metabolites," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-17, August.
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