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Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Anogenital Distance at 4 Years in the INMA-Asturias Cohort

Author

Listed:
  • Miguel García-Villarino

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)—University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n., 33006 Oviedo, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n., 33001 Oviedo, Spain)

  • Rocío Fernández-Iglesias

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)—University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n., 33006 Oviedo, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n., 33001 Oviedo, Spain)

  • Isolina Riaño-Galán

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n., 33001 Oviedo, Spain
    Servicio de Pediatría, Endocrinología Pediátrica, HUCA, Roma Avenue s/n., 33001 Oviedo, Spain)

  • Cristina Rodríguez-Dehli

    (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n., 33001 Oviedo, Spain
    Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital San Agustín, Heros Street, 4, 33410 Avilés, Spain)

  • Izaro Babarro

    (Faculty of Psychology, University of the Basque Country, 20018 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain
    Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Group of Environmental Epidemiology and Child Development, 20014 Donostia/San Sebastian, Spain)

  • Ana Fernández-Somoano

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)—University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n., 33006 Oviedo, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n., 33001 Oviedo, Spain)

  • Adonina Tardón

    (Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Monforte de Lemos Avenue 3-5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Unit of Molecular Cancer Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University Institute of Oncology of the Principality of Asturias (IUOPA)—University of Oviedo, Julián Clavería Street s/n., 33006 Oviedo, Spain
    Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Roma Avenue s/n., 33001 Oviedo, Spain)

Abstract

Smoking by women is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as spontaneous abortion, preterm delivery, low birth weight, infertility, and prolonged time to pregnancy. Anogenital distance (AGD) is a sensitive biomarker of prenatal androgen and antiandrogen exposure. We investigated the effect of smoking and passive smoke exposure during pregnancy on anogenital distance in offspring at 4 years in the INMA-Asturias cohort (Spain). Women were interviewed during pregnancy to collect information on tobacco consumption, and anogenital distance was measured in 381 children: Anoscrotal distance in boys and anofourchetal distance in girls. We also measured maternal urinary cotinine levels at 32 weeks of pregnancy. We constructed linear regression models to analyze the association between prenatal smoke exposure and anogenital distance and adjusted the models by relevant covariates. Reported prenatal smoke exposure was associated with statistically significant increased anogenital index (AGI), both at week 12 of pregnancy (β = 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.00, 0.63) and at week 32 of pregnancy (β = 0.31, 95% confidence interval: 0.00, 0.63) in male children, suggesting altered androgenic signaling.

Suggested Citation

  • Miguel García-Villarino & Rocío Fernández-Iglesias & Isolina Riaño-Galán & Cristina Rodríguez-Dehli & Izaro Babarro & Ana Fernández-Somoano & Adonina Tardón, 2021. "Prenatal Exposure to Cigarette Smoke and Anogenital Distance at 4 Years in the INMA-Asturias Cohort," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-14, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:9:p:4774-:d:546568
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Michael L Eisenberg & Michael H Hsieh & Rustin Chanc Walters & Ross Krasnow & Larry I Lipshultz, 2011. "The Relationship between Anogenital Distance, Fatherhood, and Fertility in Adult Men," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(5), pages 1-7, May.
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