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Gait Performance as an Indicator of Cognitive Deficit in Older People

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  • Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla

    (Department of Didactics of Music, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain)

  • Diana Patricia Pozuelo-Carrascosa

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
    Multidisciplinary Research Group in Care (IMCU), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
    Social and Health Care Research Center (CESS), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain)

  • Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
    Multidisciplinary Research Group in Care (IMCU), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain)

  • José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
    Multidisciplinary Research Group in Care (IMCU), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain)

  • Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca

    (Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy and Nursing of Toledo, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain
    Multidisciplinary Research Group in Care (IMCU), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45005 Toledo, Spain)

  • Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román

    (Department of Didactics of Music, Plastic and Corporal Expression, University of Jaén, 23071 Jaén, Spain)

Abstract

Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze which gait variables are the best for detecting cognitive impairment and to determine if age and gender can influence gait variations in older people. Methods: 65 participants took part in this study (22 men and 43 women; age: 73.88 ± 9.56 years). We use the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) to assess mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Gait speed (GS) and the complex gait test (CGT) were analyzed with photocells Witty (Microgate, Italia). The OptoGait system (Microgate, Italia) was used to analyze step length (SL) and step coefficient of variation (CV sl). Results: There was a significant association between MoCA and SL (r = 0.420; p = 0.002), CV sl (r = −0.591; p < 0.001), and CGT (r = −0.406; p = 0.001). Instrumental activities of daily living showed significant association with SL (r = 0.563; p < 0.001); CV sl (r = −0.762; p < 0.001), CGT (r = −0.622; p < 0.001), and GS (r = 0.418; p < 0.001). CV sl showed the best results with MoCA when linear regression analysis was applied (R 2 = 0.560; p = 0.007; Y = 23.669 − 0.320x). Participants older than 79 years showed lower MoCA scores and poorer gait parameters than people younger than 79 years. Conclusions: CV sl, SL, CGT, and GS make it possible to detect MCI in older people, especially when these variables are evaluated as a whole.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Antonio Párraga-Montilla & Diana Patricia Pozuelo-Carrascosa & Juan Manuel Carmona-Torres & José Alberto Laredo-Aguilera & Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca & Pedro Ángel Latorre-Román, 2021. "Gait Performance as an Indicator of Cognitive Deficit in Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-13, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:7:p:3428-:d:524358
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    1. J P Stellmann & A Neuhaus & N Götze & S Briken & C Lederer & M Schimpl & C Heesen & M Daumer, 2015. "Ecological Validity of Walking Capacity Tests in Multiple Sclerosis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-11, April.
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