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Serum KL-6 Could Represent a Reliable Indicator of Unfavourable Outcome in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia

Author

Listed:
  • Riccardo Scotto

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Biagio Pinchera

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Francesco Perna

    (Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Monaldi Hospital, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Lidia Atripaldi

    (Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry, Monaldi Hospital, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Agnese Giaccone

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Davide Sequino

    (Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Monaldi Hospital, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Emanuela Zappulo

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Alessia Sardanelli

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Nicola Schiano Moriello

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Anna Stanziola

    (Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Monaldi Hospital, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Marialuisa Bocchino

    (Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Monaldi Hospital, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Ivan Gentile

    (Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
    Staff of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Health Education and Sustainable Development, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Alessandro Sanduzzi

    (Section of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Monaldi Hospital, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
    Staff of United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), Health Education and Sustainable Development, University Federico II of Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

KL-6 is a sialoglycoprotein antigen which proved elevated in the serum of patients with different interstitial lung diseases, especially in those with a poorer outcome. Given that interstitial pneumonia is the most common presentation of SARS-CoV2 infection, we evaluated the prognostic role of KL-6 in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were prospectively enrolled. Blood samples were collected at the time of enrolment (TOE) and on day 7 (T1). Serum KL-6 concentrations were measured by chemiluminescence enzyme immunoassay using a KL-6 antibody kit (LUMIPULSE G1200, Fujirebio) and the cut-off value was set at >1000 U/mL. Fifteen out of 34 enrolled patients (44.1%) died. Patients with unfavourable outcome showed significantly lower P/F ratio and higher IL-6 values and plasmatic concentrations of KL-6 at TOE compared with those who survived (median KL-6: 1188 U/mL vs. 260 U/mL, p < 0.001). KL-6 > 1000 U/mL resulted independently associated with death (aOR: 11.29, p < 0.05) with a positive predictive value of 83.3%. Our results suggest that KL-6 is a reliable indicator of pulmonary function and unfavourable outcome in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. A KL-6 value > 1000 U/mL resulted independently associated with death and showed good accuracy in predicting a poorer outcome. KL-6 may thus represent a quick, inexpensive, and sensitive parameter to stratify the risk of severe respiratory failure and death.

Suggested Citation

  • Riccardo Scotto & Biagio Pinchera & Francesco Perna & Lidia Atripaldi & Agnese Giaccone & Davide Sequino & Emanuela Zappulo & Alessia Sardanelli & Nicola Schiano Moriello & Anna Stanziola & Marialuisa, 2021. "Serum KL-6 Could Represent a Reliable Indicator of Unfavourable Outcome in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-10, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:4:p:2078-:d:503011
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