IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i2p397-d475850.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye by Calix[6]Arene-Modified Lead Sulphide (Pbs): Optimisation Using Response Surface Methodology

Author

Listed:
  • Nor Zida Rosly

    (Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia)

  • Abdul Halim Abdullah

    (Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia)

  • Mazliana Ahmad Kamarudin

    (Department of Physics, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia)

  • Siti Efliza Ashari

    (Center of Foundation Studies for Agricultural Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia)

  • Shahrul Ainliah Alang Ahmad

    (Institute of Advanced Technology (ITMA), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
    Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia)

Abstract

Lead sulphide (PbS) modified with calix[6]arene was synthesised as an alternative and regenerative adsorbent for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) dye. The prepared calix[6]arene-modified PbS was characterised via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The response surface methodology (RSM) based on the central composite design (CCD) was employed to identify the most significant factors, such as the initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature, and to optimise the effects of the factors on the adsorptive efficiency as its response. The optimised initial concentration, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature were 20.00 mg/L initial concentration, 44.00 mg calix[6]arene-modified PbS, pH 6, and a temperature of 31.00 °C. A good correlation between the values and well-fitted model was observed. The adsorption performance was evaluated based on the percentage removal of MB dye from the water system. The adsorption isotherm best fit the Langmuir isotherm model, and the adsorption rate was followed by a pseudo-second-order kinetic model, a single layer chemical adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity (q max ) of 5.495 mg/g.

Suggested Citation

  • Nor Zida Rosly & Abdul Halim Abdullah & Mazliana Ahmad Kamarudin & Siti Efliza Ashari & Shahrul Ainliah Alang Ahmad, 2021. "Adsorption of Methylene Blue Dye by Calix[6]Arene-Modified Lead Sulphide (Pbs): Optimisation Using Response Surface Methodology," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-20, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:397-:d:475850
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/2/397/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/2/397/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. M. Nasiruddin Khan & Anila Sarwar, 2007. "Determination Of Points Of Zero Charge Of Natural And Treated Adsorbents," Surface Review and Letters (SRL), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 14(03), pages 461-469.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.

      Corrections

      All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:2:p:397-:d:475850. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

      If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

      If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

      If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

      For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

      Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

      IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.