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Balance of Autonomic Nervous Activity, Exercise, and Sleep Status in Older Adults: A Review of the Literature

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  • Miki Sato

    (Department of Clinical Nursing, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan)

  • Feni Betriana

    (Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan)

  • Ryuichi Tanioka

    (Graduate School of Health Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan)

  • Kyoko Osaka

    (Department of Clinical Nursing, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Nankoku 783-8505, Japan)

  • Tetsuya Tanioka

    (Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Graduate School, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770-8509, Japan
    Anne Boykin Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA)

  • Savina Schoenhofer

    (Anne Boykin Institute, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA)

Abstract

While older people are frequently known to experience sleep disturbances, there are also many older people who have a good quality of sleep. However, little is known about the balance of autonomic nervous activity, exercise habits, and sleep status in healthy older adults. This study reviews the literature regarding balance of the autonomic nervous activity, exercise, and sleep in healthy older adults. Relevant articles were searched from electronic databases using the combination of the following keywords: “Autonomic nervous activity”, “sleep status”, “sleep”, “healthy older adults”, “aging”, “heart rate variability (HRV)” and “exercise”. Articles were included if they met inclusion criteria: (1) Published in English, (2) Article types: research and review articles, (3) Main outcome was related to the autonomic nervous activity, lifestyle, sleep, and/or healthy aging, and (4) Fully accessed. From 877 articles that were identified, 16 articles were included for review. Results showed that the autonomic nervous activity changes with increasing age, particularly a constant decline in cardiac vagal modulation due to the significant decrease in the nocturnal parasympathetic activity. In addition, the autonomic nervous activity was also related to sleep status and lifestyle, particularly the capability to exercise. In preparing older people toward a healthy aging, maintaining good sleep quality and exercise is suggested.

Suggested Citation

  • Miki Sato & Feni Betriana & Ryuichi Tanioka & Kyoko Osaka & Tetsuya Tanioka & Savina Schoenhofer, 2021. "Balance of Autonomic Nervous Activity, Exercise, and Sleep Status in Older Adults: A Review of the Literature," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:24:p:12896-:d:696913
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Taesang Lee & Myeounggon Lee & Changhong Youm & Byungjoo Noh & Hwayoung Park, 2020. "Association between Gait Variability and Gait-Ability Decline in Elderly Women with Subthreshold Insomnia Stage," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Fran Baum & Connie Musolino & Hailay Abrha Gesesew & Jennie Popay, 2021. "New Perspective on Why Women Live Longer Than Men: An Exploration of Power, Gender, Social Determinants, and Capitals," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-23, January.
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    1. Jing-Yi Ai & Garry Kuan & Linda Ya-Ting Juang & Ching-Hsiu Lee & Yee-Cheng Kueh & I-Hua Chu & Xiao-Ling Geng & Yu-Kai Chang, 2022. "Effects of Multi-Component Exercise on Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-11, November.
    2. Sun, Guoping & Yang, Feifei & Ren, Guodong & Wang, Chunni, 2023. "Energy encoding in a biophysical neuron and adaptive energy balance under field coupling," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 169(C).
    3. Valentina Caiola & Elina Moreira Kares & Margherita Pillan & Davide Spallazzo & Aarni Tuomi, 2023. "Remote Cultural Events: Investigating the Usefulness of Live Streaming for Creating Cultural and Social Engagement in Communities of Older Adults," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-20, July.

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