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Untangling the Governance of Public Health Aspects of Manure in The Netherlands

Author

Listed:
  • Sophia Dollmann

    (Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands)

  • Lucie Vermeulen

    (Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands)

  • Ana Maria de Roda Husman

    (Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Antonie van Leeuwenhoeklaan 9, 3721 MA Bilthoven, The Netherlands
    Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Yalelaan 2, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands)

Abstract

The Netherlands is one of the most densely populated countries in terms of people and livestock and is the second largest exporter of agricultural products worldwide. As a result, the Netherlands has a manure surplus. Excess application of manure can lead to environmental problems; therefore, manure needs to be treated and discharged. Manure can contain zoonotic pathogens, but whether exposure to manure and manure treatment also poses a risk to public health is still unknown. This study analysed the regulations, relevant actors, and responsibilities in the complex system of manure and public health in the Netherlands. Interviews and system mapping have demonstrated interlinkages between environmental, economic, and health aspects. Constraints and opportunities for public health protection have been identified. This study reveals the complexity of the Dutch manure policy, its scattered responsibilities, the challenge to deal with uncertainties, and, most importantly, the need for a microbial risk assessment in order to adequately communicate and manage possible risks to protect the health of animals, the environment, and people.

Suggested Citation

  • Sophia Dollmann & Lucie Vermeulen & Ana Maria de Roda Husman, 2021. "Untangling the Governance of Public Health Aspects of Manure in The Netherlands," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-17, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:23:p:12472-:d:688934
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Valérie Eijrond & Liesbeth Claassen & Joke van der Giessen & Danielle Timmermans, 2019. "Intensive Livestock Farming and Residential Health: Experts’ Views," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(19), pages 1-16, September.
    2. René van den Brom & Hendrik-Jan Roest & Arnout de Bruin & Daan Dercksen & Inge Santman-Berends & Wim van der Hoek & Annemiek Dinkla & Jelmer Vellema & Piet Vellema, 2015. "A Probably Minor Role for Land-Applied Goat Manure in the Transmission of Coxiella burnetii to Humans in the 2007–2010 Dutch Q Fever Outbreak," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rob Roggema & Nico Tillie, 2022. "Realizing Emergent Ecologies: Nature-Based Solutions from Design to Implementation," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-15, November.

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