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PM2.5 Pollutant Concentrations in Greenspaces of Nanjing Are High but Can Be Lowered with Environmental Planning

Author

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  • Binghui Yang

    (Digital Landscape Architecture Lab of Southeast University, Landscape Architecture Department, School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

  • Ye Chen

    (Digital Landscape Architecture Lab of Southeast University, Landscape Architecture Department, School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

Abstract

Small-scale greenspaces in high-density central urban districts serve as important outdoor activity spaces for the surrounding residents, especially the elderly. This study selects six small-scale, popular greenspaces with distinct characteristics that are jointly situated along the same main urban artery in a high-density central urban district. Field investigations and questionnaires are conducted and combined with statistical analyses, to explore the spatial-temporal distribution and influencing factors of PM2.5 concentrations in these greenspaces. The study finds that the air quality conditions in the sites are non-ideal, and this has potential negative impacts on the health of the elderly visitors. Moreover, the difference values of PM2.5 concentrations’ spatial-temporal distributions are significantly affected by vehicle-related emissions, which have significant temporal characteristics. PM2.5 concentration is strongly correlated with percentage of green coverage ( R = 0.82, p < 0.05), degree of airflow ( R = −0.83, p < 0.05), humidity and comfort level ( R = 0.54, p < 0.01 and R = −0.40, p < 0.01 respectively). Meanwhile, the sites’ “sky view factor” is strongly correlated with degree of airflow ( R = 0.82, p < 0.05), and the comfort level plays an indirect role in the process of PM2.5 affecting crowd activities. Based on this analysis, an optimal set of index ranges for greenspace elements which are correlated with the best reduction in PM2.5 concentrations is derived. As such, this research reveals the technical methods to best reduce their concentrations and provides a basis and reference for improving the quality of small-scale greenspaces in high-density urban districts for the benefit of healthy aging.

Suggested Citation

  • Binghui Yang & Ye Chen, 2021. "PM2.5 Pollutant Concentrations in Greenspaces of Nanjing Are High but Can Be Lowered with Environmental Planning," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:18:p:9705-:d:635939
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Haiou Yang & Wenbo Chen & Zhaofeng Liang, 2017. "Impact of Land Use on PM 2.5 Pollution in a Representative City of Middle China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-14, April.
    2. Ling Qiu & Fang Liu & Xiang Zhang & Tian Gao, 2019. "Difference of Airborne Particulate Matter Concentration in Urban Space with Different Green Coverage Rates in Baoji, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-15, April.
    3. Binyu Liu & Ye Chen & Meng Xiao, 2020. "The Social Utility and Health Benefits for Older Adults of Amenity Buildings in China’s Urban Parks: A Nanjing Case Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-26, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Junyou Liu & Bohong Zheng & Yanfen Xiang & Jia Fan, 2022. "The Impact of Street Tree Height on PM2.5 Concentration in Street Canyons: A Simulation Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Youngsun Seok & Hyosook Yim & Taehyeon Moon & Jinhyung Chon, 2022. "Street Tree Planning to Improve Public Health and Ecosystem Resilience in Urban Areas: A Scenario Analysis Using a System Dynamics Model," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-19, January.

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