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Exposure to Secondhand Smoke: Inconsistency between Self-Response and Urine Cotinine Biomarker Based on Korean National Data during 2009–2018

Author

Listed:
  • Boram Sim

    (Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA), Wonju 26465, Korea)

  • Myung-Bae Park

    (Department of Gerontology Health and Welfare, Pai Chai University, Daejeon 35345, Korea)

Abstract

This study aimed to estimate the secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure using urinary cotinine (UCo) to prove that the SHS exposure could not be properly assessed by self-reporting (SR). In total, 28,574 nonsmokers aged >19 years were selected from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data (2009–2018). First, changes in the annual concentration of UCo were analyzed, and the annual SHS exposure rates were measured based on SR and UCo from 2009 to 2018. Then, the average UCo concentration and UCo-measured SHS exposure rate were confirmed according to the subjects’ characteristics. Finally, factors associated with the UCo-measured SHS exposure rate were identified based on multiple regression analysis. The findings showed that the annual UCo concentrations and self-reported SHS exposure rates dropped significantly over the past decade. In contrast, the UCo-measured SHS exposure rate indicated that >80% of nonsmokers are still exposed to SHS. Moreover, we found vulnerable groups using UCo-measured SHS exposure rate. In particular, the self-reported SHS exposure at home and in workplaces and house type was highly associated with SHS exposure. Thus, these findings indicate that the actual SHS exposure could not be properly assessed by SR and should be verified using a biomarker, such as UCo. Considering that even a short-term exposure can be harmful to health, the goal of the policy should be to keep cotinine concentration as low as possible.

Suggested Citation

  • Boram Sim & Myung-Bae Park, 2021. "Exposure to Secondhand Smoke: Inconsistency between Self-Response and Urine Cotinine Biomarker Based on Korean National Data during 2009–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-14, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:17:p:9284-:d:627998
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Hyun-Seung Lee, 2022. "Diagnostic Performance Evaluation of the Novel Index Combining Urinary Cotinine and 4-(Methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol in Smoking Status Verification and Usefulness for Trend Monitoring of ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-11, September.
    2. Chen Li & Yiyi Wang & Shouyu Wang & Lei Huang, 2023. "Smoke Exposure Reduces the Protective Effect of Physical Activity on Hypertension: Evidence from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013–2018," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-12, January.
    3. Myung-Bae Park, 2023. "Differences between Self-Report and Biomarkers in Smoking Indicators: The Necessity of Biomonitoring in Global Surveillance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(3), pages 1-4, January.
    4. Hyun-Seung Lee & Ji-Hyun Cho & Young-Jin Lee & Do-Sim Park, 2022. "Effect of Second-Hand Smoke Exposure on Establishing Urinary Cotinine-Based Optimal Cut-Off Values for Smoking Status Classification in Korean Adults," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-14, June.

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