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Induction of SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgG and IgA in Serum and Milk with Different SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Breastfeeding Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Spain

Author

Listed:
  • Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz

    (Faculty of Nursing, University of Cantabria, Avda Valdecilla s/n. C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    Breastfeeding Coordinator, IBCLC, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    Shared first authorship.)

  • María Paz-Zulueta

    (Faculty of Nursing, University of Cantabria, Avda Valdecilla s/n. C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    Grupo de Investigación en Derecho Sanitario y Bioética, GRIDES, IDIVAL, C/ Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n. C.P., 39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    Shared first authorship.)

  • Jose Manuel Mendez-Legaza

    (Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain)

  • Juan Irure-Ventura

    (Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain)

  • Rocío Cuesta González

    (Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain)

  • Jorge Calvo Montes

    (Department of Microbiology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain)

  • Marcos López-Hoyos

    (Department of Immunology, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    Laboratory, Molecular Biology Department, University of Cantabria, Avenida del Cardenal Herrera Oria 2, C.P., 39010 Santander, Cantabria, Spain)

  • Javier Llorca

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Avenida del Cardenal Herrera Oria 2, C.P., 39010 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    CIBER Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), C.P., 28029 Madrid, Spain
    Shared senior authorship.)

  • María Jesús Cabero-Pérez

    (Faculty of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Avenida del Cardenal Herrera Oria 2, C.P., 39010 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    Pediatrics Section, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, C.P., 39008 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    IDIVAL, C/ Cardenal Herrera Oria s/n. C.P., 39011 Santander, Cantabria, Spain
    Shared senior authorship.)

Abstract

Breastfeeding mothers were excluded from the clinical trials conducted for vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Since the start of the vaccination, some doubts have arisen regarding its compatibility with breastfeeding. The aim of this study was to analyse the presence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in breast milk and serum (IgG and IgA) of vaccinated breastfeeding women. The main variables of the observational study were: adverse related events after vaccination and determination of the presence of IgG and IgA isotypes antibodies in serum and in breast milk of vaccinated women against the SARS-CoV-2 antigens. Results: 110 breastfeeding mothers were included; 70 women (63.6%) were vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2, 20 women (18.2%) with two doses of mRNA-1273, and 20 women (18.2%) with a single dose of ChAdOx1-S. Regarding adverse reactions and vaccine safety, 38 women had no adverse reactions; 20 (18.2%) had general malaise or adenopathies; 10 (9.1%) had a headache; and 7 (6.4%) had fever. When analysing IgG antibodies, significantly higher levels of antibodies were found in serum and breast milk from mothers vaccinated with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vs. ChAdOx1-S ( p < 0.001 and p = 0.001, respectively). Analysing IgA antibodies, significant differences were found when comparing mean values in serum from mothers vaccinated with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vs. ChAdOx1-S (0.12, 0.16, and 0.02, respectively; p < 0.001) and breast milk of mothers vaccinated when comparing BNT16b2 vs. ChAdOx1-S. All vaccinated breastfeeding mothers had serum anti-S1 IgG antibodies in response to vaccination against SARS-CoV-2, regardless of the commercial vaccine administered. Conclusions: the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines were well tolerated by the mothers and the breastfed infant. In addition, breastfeeding mothers offer their infants IgA and IgG isotype antibodies directed against SARS-CoV-2 protein S in breast milk.

Suggested Citation

  • Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz & María Paz-Zulueta & Jose Manuel Mendez-Legaza & Juan Irure-Ventura & Rocío Cuesta González & Jorge Calvo Montes & Marcos López-Hoyos & Javier Llorca & María Jesús Cabero-Pérez, 2021. "Induction of SARS-CoV-2-Specific IgG and IgA in Serum and Milk with Different SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Breastfeeding Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Spain," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-12, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:16:p:8831-:d:619056
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Carolina Lechosa-Muñiz & María Paz-Zulueta & María Sáez de Adana Herrero & Elsa Cornejo del Rio & Sonia Mateo Sota & Javier Llorca & María J. Cabero-Perez, 2020. "Health Care Costs Associated to Type of Feeding in the First Year of Life," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-9, June.
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