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BDNF Impact on Biological Markers of Depression—Role of Physical Exercise and Training

Author

Listed:
  • Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz

    (Physiology and Biochemistry Department, University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Mona Wiatr

    (Department of Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy Faculty, Medical University in Wroclaw, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Maria Ciałowicz

    (Physiotherapy Faculty, University School of Physical Education, 51-612 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Gilmara Gomes de Assis

    (Department of Molecular Biology, Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport, 80-336 Gdansk, Poland)

  • Wojciech Borowicz

    (Neurological Diseases Department, Medical University in Wroclaw, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Silvia Rocha-Rodrigues

    (Escola Superior de Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
    Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Research Centre in Sports Sciences, Quinta de Prados, Edifício Ciências de Desporto, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
    Tumor & Microenvironment Interactions Group, i3S, Rua Alfredo Allen 208, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal)

  • Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz

    (Department of Physiotherapy, Physiotherapy Faculty, Medical University in Wroclaw, 50-355 Wroclaw, Poland)

  • Adilson Marques

    (CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisboa, 1499-002 Cruz Quebrada, Portugal)

Abstract

Depression is the most common and devastating psychiatric disorder in the world. Its symptoms, especially during the pandemic, are observed in all age groups. Exercise training (ET) is well known as a non-pharmacological strategy to alleviate clinical depression. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is one of the biological factors whose expression and secretion are intensified in response to ET. BDNF is also secreted by contracted skeletal muscle that likely exerts para-, auto- and endocrine effects, supporting the crosstalk between skeletal muscle and other distant organs/tissues, such as the nervous system. This finding suggests that they communicate and work together to induce improvements on mood, cognition, and learning processes as BDNF is the main player in the neurogenesis, growth, and survival of neurons. Therefore, BDNF has been recognized as a therapeutic factor in clinical depression, especially in response to ET. The underlying mechanisms through which ET impacts depression are varied. The aim of this review was to provide information of the biological markers of depression such as monoamines, tryptophan, endocannabinoids, markers of inflammatory processes (oxidative stress and cytokines) stress and sex hormones and their relationship to BDNF. In addition, we reviewed the effects of ET on BNDF expression and how it impacts depression as well as the potential mechanisms mediating this process, providing a better understanding of underlying ET-related mechanisms in depression.

Suggested Citation

  • Eugenia Murawska-Ciałowicz & Mona Wiatr & Maria Ciałowicz & Gilmara Gomes de Assis & Wojciech Borowicz & Silvia Rocha-Rodrigues & Małgorzata Paprocka-Borowicz & Adilson Marques, 2021. "BDNF Impact on Biological Markers of Depression—Role of Physical Exercise and Training," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-21, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:14:p:7553-:d:594991
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nephi Stella & Paul Schweitzer & Daniele Piomelli, 1997. "A second endogenous cannabinoid that modulates long-term potentiation," Nature, Nature, vol. 388(6644), pages 773-778, August.
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