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Facilitating Exercise Habit Formation among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

Author

Listed:
  • Navin Kaushal

    (Department of Health Sciences, School of Health & Human Sciences, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN 47405, USA)

  • Marie Payer

    (Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
    EPIC Centre of Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
    Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada)

  • Béatrice Bérubé

    (EPIC Centre of Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada)

  • Martin Juneau

    (Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
    EPIC Centre of Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada)

  • Louis Bherer

    (Department of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
    EPIC Centre of Montréal Heart Institute, Montréal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
    Centre de Recherche de l’Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3W 1W5, Canada)

Abstract

Background: The importance of promoting exercise adherence among individuals with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is imperative. However, challenges in maintaining behavior among ACS patients are also well-documented. Emerging findings in the general population have supported the use of habit-formation techniques, which include incorporating routine consistency and cues, to be effective for facilitating exercise behavior. The effectiveness of habit formation approaches, however, has not been tested on participants with ACS. The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of facilitating physical activity habits among patients with ACS in a two-arm, parallel design, randomized controlled pilot trial. Methods: Participants (n = 13) were older adult patients (M age = 64.20, SD = 5.35) with ACS who were referred to a cardiac rehabilitation center. The experimental group attended monthly group meetings from months 1–3 and received phone call follow-ups from months 4–6. Conclusions: The experimental group showed an increase in weekly moderate-to-vigorous level physical activity, M = 228.20 mins (SD = 112.45), compared with the control group, M = 151.17 (SD = 112.22), d = 0.61. The experimental condition also showed greater use of routine consistency (experimental: M = 4.60 (SD = 0.548); control: M = 3.76 (SD = 1.62)) and cue usage (experimental: M = 3.60 (SD = 0.471); control: M= 2.60 (SD = 0.398)) over the control condition at the six-month mark. The study supports the effectiveness of habit-building techniques among patients with ACS, with effect sizes ranging from a medium to large magnitude. Findings from this pilot study support a full clinical trial with larger sample size.

Suggested Citation

  • Navin Kaushal & Marie Payer & Béatrice Bérubé & Martin Juneau & Louis Bherer, 2021. "Facilitating Exercise Habit Formation among Cardiac Rehabilitation Patients: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:12:p:6440-:d:574809
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kenneth F Schulz & Douglas G Altman & David Moher & for the CONSORT Group, 2010. "CONSORT 2010 Statement: Updated Guidelines for Reporting Parallel Group Randomised Trials," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(3), pages 1-7, March.
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    1. Navin Kaushal & Donya Nemati & Raphaëlle Gauthier-Bisaillon & Marie Payer & Béatrice Bérubé & Martin Juneau & Louis Bherer, 2022. "How and Why Patients Adhere to a Prescribed Cardiac Rehabilitation Program: A Longitudinal Phenomenological Study of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Grace J. Kim & Shir Lebovich & Debbie Rand, 2022. "Perceived Facilitators and Barriers for Actual Arm Use during Everyday Activities in Community Dwelling Individuals with Chronic Stroke," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(18), pages 1-12, September.

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