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Environmental and Health Hazards of Chromated Copper Arsenate-Treated Wood: A Review

Author

Listed:
  • Simone Morais

    (REQUIMTE–LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal)

  • Henrique M. A. C. Fonseca

    (GeoBioTec & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Sónia M. R. Oliveira

    (CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
    Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton, NSW 2305, Australia)

  • Helena Oliveira

    (CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

  • Vivek Kumar Gupta

    (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India)

  • Bechan Sharma

    (Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India)

  • Maria de Lourdes Pereira

    (CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
    Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal)

Abstract

Copper chrome arsenate (CCA) water-borne solution used to be widely used to make timber highly resistant to pests and fungi, in particular, wood products designed for outdoor use. Nowadays, CCA is a restricted chemical product in most countries, since potential environmental and health risks were reported due to dermal contact with CCA residues from treated structures and the surrounding soil, as well as the contamination of soils. However, large quantities of CCA-treated timber are still in use in framings, outdoor playground equipment, landscaping, building poles, jetty piles, and fencing structures around the world, thus CCA remains a source of pollutants to the environment and of increasing toxic metal/metalloid exposure (mainly in children). International efforts have been dedicated to the treatment of materials impregnated with CCA, however not only does some reuse of CCA-treated timber still occur, but also existing structures are leaking the toxic compounds into the environment, with impacts on the environment and animal and human health. This study highlights CCA mechanisms and the documented consequences in vivo of its exposure, as well as the adverse environmental and health impacts.

Suggested Citation

  • Simone Morais & Henrique M. A. C. Fonseca & Sónia M. R. Oliveira & Helena Oliveira & Vivek Kumar Gupta & Bechan Sharma & Maria de Lourdes Pereira, 2021. "Environmental and Health Hazards of Chromated Copper Arsenate-Treated Wood: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(11), pages 1-12, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:11:p:5518-:d:559250
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ghulam Abbas & Behzad Murtaza & Irshad Bibi & Muhammad Shahid & Nabeel Khan Niazi & Muhammad Imran Khan & Muhammad Amjad & Munawar Hussain & Natasha, 2018. "Arsenic Uptake, Toxicity, Detoxification, and Speciation in Plants: Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Aspects," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-45, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Irene Stefanini & Monica Di Paola & Gianni Liti & Andrea Marranci & Federico Sebastiani & Enrico Casalone & Duccio Cavalieri, 2022. "Resistance to Arsenite and Arsenate in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Arises through the Subtelomeric Expansion of a Cluster of Yeast Genes," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-15, July.

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