Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs) for Two Implant Placement Techniques in Sinus Region (Bone Graft versus Computer-Aided Implant Surgery): A Randomized Prospective Trial

Purpose: To assess patient-reported outcomes measures (PROMs) for two implant placement techniques in cases of sinus bone atrophy (bone graft surgery (BGS) versus computer-aided implant surgery (CAIS)), after surgery and one year later, and to evaluate the clinical success of both treatments. Methods: Sixty patients with bone atrophy in the posterior maxilla and in need of implant placement were randomly assigned to two groups, and in accordance with the case report form (CRF), 30 were treated with BGS and 30 with CAIS. Immediately after treatment and one year later, PROMs were assessed, and the clinical success of both treatments was evaluated. Results: No significant differences were found between BGS and CAIS with regard to the following: loss of implants ( p = 492); patient recommendation ( p = 210); duration of surgery ( p = 987); pain on the intervention day ( p = 512); pain in the week after intervention ( p = 299); and complications in the stage of surgery ( p = 1.00). Similarly, at one year, no differences were found with regard to the following: pain around implant ( p = 481); infection of implants ( p = 491); abnormal radiographic imaging ( p = 226); occurrence of undesirable events ( p = 1.00); loss of one of the implants ( p = 1.00); plaque detection ( p = 1.00); bleeding on probing ( p = 236); and presence of keratinized mucosa ( p = 226). However, a significant difference was found among BGS and CAIS with regard to the number of consultations ( p = 0001); number of implants placed ( p = 033); and treatment difficulty ( p = 0369). Significant differences were found for peri-implantitis ( p = 0481) and radiology of craterization ( p = 020) in clinical examination at the first year. Conclusion: Treatment difficulty and number of consultations were higher for BGS than for CAIS, as well as peri-implantitis and bone craterization at one year, indicating significant differences between the two treatments. However, there were no statistically significant differences between BGS and CAIS regarding the other PROMs, at placement and after one year.