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Individual, Family, and Environmental Correlates of Motor Competence in Young Children: Regression Model Analysis of Data Obtained from Two Motor Tests

Author

Listed:
  • Donna Niemistö

    (Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland)

  • Taija Finni

    (Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland)

  • Marja Cantell

    (Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education, University of Groningen, 9712 Groningen, The Netherlands)

  • Elisa Korhonen

    (Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland)

  • Arja Sääkslahti

    (Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland)

Abstract

Physical activity and motor competence (MC) have been considered to be closely related and prevent childhood obesity. The aim of the study was two-fold: to examine MC measured with two different tools in relation to individual, family, and environmental correlates and to investigate gender differences in MC. The Test of Gross Motor Development-Third Edition (TGMD-3) was administered to three- to seven-year-old children ( n = 945), while the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK) was also used for five- to seven-year-old children ( n = 444). The parent questionnaire ( n = 936) included questions about individual (e.g., participation in organized sports), family (e.g., parents’ education level), and environmental (e.g., access to sports facilities) correlates. The children’s temperament was assessed using the Colorado Childhood Temperament Inventory (CCTI) questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and linear mixed-effects regression models. The regression models explained 57% and 38% of the variance in TGMD-3 and KTK, respectively. Individual correlates, including older age, more frequent participation in sports, and specific temperament traits of activity and attention span-persistence, were the strongest predictors for better MC. Small gender differences were found in both assessment tools, albeit in a different manner. In conclusion, socioecological correlates of MC in young children are multidimensional, and individual correlates appear to be the most important predictors of MC. Importantly, the correlates can differ according to the MC assessment tools.

Suggested Citation

  • Donna Niemistö & Taija Finni & Marja Cantell & Elisa Korhonen & Arja Sääkslahti, 2020. "Individual, Family, and Environmental Correlates of Motor Competence in Young Children: Regression Model Analysis of Data Obtained from Two Motor Tests," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:7:p:2548-:d:342796
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    1. Donna Niemistö & Taija Finni & Eero A. Haapala & Marja Cantell & Elisa Korhonen & Arja Sääkslahti, 2019. "Environmental Correlates of Motor Competence in Children—The Skilled Kids Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-17, June.
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    1. Ilir Gllareva & Nebojša Trajković & Draženka Mačak & Tijana Šćepanović & Anja Kostić Zobenica & Aleksandar Pajić & Besim Halilaj & Florim Gallopeni & Dejan M. Madić, 2020. "Anthropometric and Motor Competence Classifiers of Swimming Ability in Preschool Children—A Pilot Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-14, August.
    2. Silvia Arribas-Galarraga & Izaskun Luis-de Cos & Gurutze Luis-de Cos & Saioa Urrutia-Gutierrez, 2020. "Mediation Effect of Perceived Fitness on the Relationship between Self-Efficacy and Sport Practice in Spanish Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-8, November.
    3. Yunfei Zheng & Weibing Ye & Mallikarjuna Korivi & Yubo Liu & Feng Hong, 2022. "Gender Differences in Fundamental Motor Skills Proficiency in Children Aged 3–6 Years: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-14, July.

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