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Biomonitoring of Metals in Children Living in an Urban Area and Close to Waste Incinerators

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  • Agostino Di Ciaula

    (Division of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Bisceglie (ASL BAT), 76011 Bisceglie, Italy
    International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE), 52100 Arezzo, Italy
    Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy)

  • Patrizia Gentilini

    (International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE), 52100 Arezzo, Italy)

  • Giusy Diella

    (Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Study of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy)

  • Marco Lopuzzo

    (Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Study of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy)

  • Ruggero Ridolfi

    (International Society of Doctors for Environment (ISDE), 52100 Arezzo, Italy)

Abstract

The impact of waste incinerators is usually examined by measuring environmental pollutants. Biomonitoring has been limited, until now, to few metals and to adults. We explored accumulation of a comprehensive panel of metals in children free-living in an urban area hosting two waste incinerators. Children were divided by georeferentiation in exposed and control groups, and toenail concentrations of 23 metals were thereafter assessed. The percentage of children having toenail metal concentrations above the limit of detection was higher in exposed children than in controls for Al, Ba, Mn, Cu, and V. Exposed children had higher absolute concentrations of Ba, Mn, Cu, and V, as compared with those living in the reference area. The Tobit regression identified living in the exposed area as a significant predictor of Ba, Ni, Cu, Mn, and V concentrations, after adjusting for covariates. The concentrations of Ba, Mn, Ni, and Cu correlated with each other, suggesting a possible common source of emission. Exposure to emissions derived from waste incinerators in an urban setting can lead to body accumulation of specific metals in children. Toenail metal concentration should be considered a noninvasive and adequate biomonitoring tool and an early warning indicator which should integrate the environmental monitoring of pollutants.

Suggested Citation

  • Agostino Di Ciaula & Patrizia Gentilini & Giusy Diella & Marco Lopuzzo & Ruggero Ridolfi, 2020. "Biomonitoring of Metals in Children Living in an Urban Area and Close to Waste Incinerators," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(6), pages 1-17, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:6:p:1919-:d:332885
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Penradee Chanpiwat & Seiichiro Himeno & Suthipong Sthiannopkao, 2015. "Arsenic and Other Metals’ Presence in Biomarkers of Cambodians in Arsenic Contaminated Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-16, November.
    2. José A. Menezes-Filho & Chrissie F. Carvalho & Juliana L. G. Rodrigues & Cecília F. S. Araújo & Nathália R. Dos Santos & Cássio S. Lima & Matheus J. Bandeira & Breno L. de S. Marques & Ana Laura S. An, 2018. "Environmental Co-Exposure to Lead and Manganese and Intellectual Deficit in School-Aged Children," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-13, October.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shamshad Karatela & Neil I. Ward & Janis Paterson & Irene Suilan Zeng, 2022. "Environmental Influences on the Behavioural and Emotional Outcomes of Children: A Network Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-15, July.

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