IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i4p1332-d322401.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The Effects of Low-Energy Moderate-Carbohydrate (MCD) and Mixed (MixD) Diets on Serum Lipid Profiles and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Men: A Randomized Controlled Parallel-Group Clinical Trial

Author

Listed:
  • Małgorzata Magdalena Michalczyk

    (Institute of Sport Science, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Mikolowska 72a, Poland)

  • Adam Maszczyk

    (Institute of Sport Science, The Jerzy Kukuczka Academy of Physical Education, 40-065 Katowice, Mikolowska 72a, Poland)

  • Petr Stastny

    (Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University in Prague, 162 52 Prague, Czech Republic)

Abstract

Carbohydrate-restricted diets have become very popular due to their numerous health benefits. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of 4 weeks of a well-planned, low-energy moderate-carbohydrate diet (MCD) and a low-energy mixed diet (MixD) on the lipoprotein profile, glucose and C-reactive protein concentrations, body mass, and body composition in middle-aged males. Sixty middle-aged males were randomly assigned to the following groups: hypocaloric MCD (32% carbohydrates, 28% proteins, and 40% fat), hypocaloric MixD (50% carbohydrates, 20% proteins, and 30% fat), and a conventional (control) diet (CD; 48% carbohydrates, 15% proteins, and 37% fat). The participants who were classified into the MCD and MixD groups consumed 20% fewer calories daily than the total daily energy expenditure (TDEE). Baseline and postintervention fasting triacylglycerol (TG), LDL (low-density lipoprotein) cholesterol (LDL-C), HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (tCh), glucose (Gl), and C-reactive protein were evaluated. Body mass (BM) and body composition changes, including body fat (BF), % body fat (PBF), and muscle mass (MM), were monitored. Compared with MixD and CD, MCD significantly changed the fasting serum concentrations of TG ( p < 0.05), HDL-C ( p < 0.05), LDL-C ( p < 0.05), tCh ( p < 0.05), and glucose ( p < 0.01). Additionally, body fat content (kg and %) was significantly reduced ( p < 0.05) after MCD compared with MixD and CD. After the MixD intervention, BM and MM decreased ( p < 0.05) compared with baseline values. Compared with baseline, after the MixD, BM, MM, tCh, LDL-C, and TG changed significantly. The 4 week low-energy MCD intervention changed lipoproteins, glucose, and body fat to a greater extent than the low-energy MixD. A hypocaloric MCD may be suggested for middle-aged male subjects who want to lose weight by reducing body fat content without compromising muscle mass.

Suggested Citation

  • Małgorzata Magdalena Michalczyk & Adam Maszczyk & Petr Stastny, 2020. "The Effects of Low-Energy Moderate-Carbohydrate (MCD) and Mixed (MixD) Diets on Serum Lipid Profiles and Body Composition in Middle-Aged Men: A Randomized Controlled Parallel-Group Clinical Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-15, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:4:p:1332-:d:322401
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/4/1332/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/4/1332/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Małgorzata Magdalena Michalczyk & Izabela Zajac-Gawlak & Adam Zając & Jana Pelclová & Robert Roczniok & Józef Langfort, 2020. "Influence of Nutritional Education on the Diet and Nutritional Behaviors of Elderly Women at the University of the Third Age," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(3), pages 1-12, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Seyeon Park & Jieun Shin & Seunghui Baek, 2020. "Analysis of Health-Related Behaviors of Adult Korean Women at Normal BMI with Different Body Image Perceptions: Results from the 2013–2017 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNE," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-13, July.
    2. Ning Wei & Dingqiang Sun, 2023. "Children’s education and parents’ dietary nutrient intake: an empirical study based on rural China," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-13, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:4:p:1332-:d:322401. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.