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Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT

Author

Listed:
  • Jacopo Antonino Vitale

    (IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy)

  • Matteo Bonato

    (IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy)

  • Stefano Borghi

    (Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20122 Milano, Italy)

  • Carmelo Messina

    (IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
    Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20122 Milano, Italy)

  • Domenico Albano

    (IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
    Sezione di Scienze Radiologiche, Dipartimento di Biomedicina, Neuroscienze e Diagnostica Avanzata, University of Palermo, Via del Vespro 127, 90127 Palermo, Italy)

  • Sabrina Corbetta

    (IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
    Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Luigi Mangiagalli 31, 20133 Milan, Italy)

  • Luca Maria Sconfienza

    (IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
    Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Pascal 36, 20122 Milano, Italy)

  • Giuseppe Banfi

    (IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy)

Abstract

Background. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a six-month home-based resistance-training program on muscle health and physical performance in healthy older subjects during the unique condition of home confinement caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. This was a randomized-controlled study that enrolled older participants that were allocated to either an experimental group performing the six-months exercise prescription (EXE) or a control group (CON). At the beginning (PRE), and after 6 months (POST), participants were assessed for muscle strength, balance, gait assessment and body composition by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging. Normality distribution of data was checked with the D’Agostino and Pearson test and changes between PRE and POST were assessed by paired Student’s t -test while percentage and absolute changes between groups at POST were tested by unpaired t -test. Results. Nine participants were included for the final analysis: EXE, n = 5 (age: 66 ± 4; BMI: 27.5 ± 3.7) and CON, n = 4 (age: 71 ± 9; BMI: 24.2 ± 4.1). Significant PRE-to-POST changes were observed in the EXE group only in the chair-stand test (+19.8%, p = 0.048 and ES:1.0, moderate) and in total fat mass (+5.0%, p = 0.035 and ES:1.4, large) with no between-group differences. Moreover, EXE had significantly higher absolute thigh CSA values than CON at POST (14.138 ± 2977 vs. 9039 ± 1015, p = 0.0178, ES = 1.7). No other within- and between-group differences were detected. Conclusions. The home-based resistance-training program during the lockdown period, caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, determined only within-group improvement in lower limb muscle strength but not in muscle mass and composition in older subjects. Home confinement may partially explain the increase in total body fat due to a reduced daily PA regime and altered diet pattern.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacopo Antonino Vitale & Matteo Bonato & Stefano Borghi & Carmelo Messina & Domenico Albano & Sabrina Corbetta & Luca Maria Sconfienza & Giuseppe Banfi, 2020. "Home-Based Resistance Training for Older Subjects during the COVID-19 Outbreak in Italy: Preliminary Results of a Six-Months RCT," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:24:p:9533-:d:464963
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Marianna De Maio & Cecilia Bratta & Alice Iannaccone & Loriana Castellani & Carl Foster & Cristina Cortis & Andrea Fusco, 2022. "Home-Based Physical Activity as a Healthy Aging Booster before and during COVID-19 Outbreak," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-19, April.
    4. Katsuhiko Suzuki & Amir Hossein Ahmadi Hekmatikar & Shadi Jalalian & Shaghayegh Abbasi & Elmira Ahmadi & Abdolreza Kazemi & Ruheea Taskin Ruhee & Kayvan Khoramipour, 2022. "The Potential of Exerkines in Women’s COVID-19: A New Idea for a Better and More Accurate Understanding of the Mechanisms behind Physical Exercise," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-21, November.
    5. Krukowska Renata & Piotrowski Krzysztof, 2023. "Leisure Activities of Inhabitants of Large Cities in Poland during the COVID-19 Pandemic," Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism, Sciendo, vol. 30(1), pages 33-38, March.
    6. Federica Galli & Francesco Giancamilli & Tommaso Palombi & Jacopo Antonino Vitale & Stefano Borghi & Alessandra De Maria & Elisa Cavicchiolo & Pierluigi Diotaiuti & Antonio La Torre & Arnaldo Zelli & , 2022. "Anxiety, Motives, and Intention for Physical Activity during the Italian COVID-19 Lockdown: An Observational Longitudinal Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(8), pages 1-9, April.
    7. Misa Nakamura & Masataka Ohki & Riku Mizukoshi & Itsuki Takeno & Taira Tsujita & Ryota Imai & Masakazu Imaoka & Masatoshi Takeda, 2022. "Effect of Home-Based Training with a Daily Calendar on Preventing Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People during the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-9, October.
    8. Ryota Watanabe & Masayo Kojima & Mikako Yasuoka & Chieko Kimura & Koto Kamiji & Takahiro Otani & Shoko Tsujimura & Hitomi Fujita & Akane Nogimura & Sae Ozeki & Aiko Osawa & Hidenori Arai, 2022. "Home-Based Frailty Prevention Program for Older Women Participants of Kayoi-No-Ba during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Feasibility Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-12, May.
    9. Wagner Albo da Silva & Valéria Feijó Martins & Aline Nogueira Haas & Andréa Kruger Gonçalves, 2022. "Online Exercise Training Program for Brazilian Older Adults: Effects on Physical Fitness and Health-Related Variables of a Feasibility Study in Times of COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(21), pages 1-10, October.

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