IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v17y2020i21p8211-d441104.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Effect of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit on Shoulder in Baseball Pitchers during Fastball Pitching

Author

Listed:
  • Hwai-Ting Lin

    (Department of Sport Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • Yu-Chuan Lin

    (Division of Sport Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

  • You-Li Chou

    (Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan)

  • Hung-Chien Wu

    (Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan)

  • Rong-Tyai Wang

    (Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan)

  • Paul Pei-His Chou

    (Department of Sport Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
    Division of Sport Medicine, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan)

Abstract

Previous studies have reported that pitchers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) may increase the risk of shoulder injury. However, limited information is available regarding the specific effects of GIRD in baseball pitching. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether baseball pitchers with GIRD change their pitching mechanism. Fifteen baseball pitchers with GIRD and 15 pitchers without GIRD were recruited from university or senior high-school teams. A three-dimensional motion analysis system (Eagle System, Motion Analysis Corporation, Santa Rosa, CA, USA) was used to capture the pitching motion while performing fastball pitches. The kinematics and kinetics of the throwing shoulder and trunk were analyzed based on motion captured data. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to test the differences of the analyzed parameters between two groups. At the instant of ball release, the GIRD group showed lower shoulder external rotation and trunk rotation, and larger shoulder horizontal adduction. In addition, the GIRD group exhibited a significantly larger shoulder inferior force in the cocking and acceleration phase, and a significantly larger internal rotation torque in the acceleration phase. The present results suggested that pitchers with GIRD need stretch training to enlarge joint range of motion, and to improve trunk strength and flexibility to alleviate potential problems associated with pitching in GIRD pitchers.

Suggested Citation

  • Hwai-Ting Lin & Yu-Chuan Lin & You-Li Chou & Hung-Chien Wu & Rong-Tyai Wang & Paul Pei-His Chou, 2020. "Effect of Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit on Shoulder in Baseball Pitchers during Fastball Pitching," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-11, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:8211-:d:441104
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/21/8211/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/17/21/8211/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Neil T. Roach & Madhusudhan Venkadesan & Michael J. Rainbow & Daniel E. Lieberman, 2013. "Elastic energy storage in the shoulder and the evolution of high-speed throwing in Homo," Nature, Nature, vol. 498(7455), pages 483-486, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lin Zhang & Beibei Sun & Fei Shu & Ying Huang, 2022. "Comparing paper level classifications across different methods and systems: an investigation of Nature publications," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 127(12), pages 7633-7651, December.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:8211-:d:441104. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.