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The Effects of Different Smoking Patterns in Pregnancy on Perinatal Outcomes in the Southampton Women’s Survey

Author

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  • Martin M. O’Donnell

    (Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, D07 R2WY Dublin, Ireland
    School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Janis Baird

    (MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NP, UK)

  • Cyrus Cooper

    (MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK)

  • Sarah R. Crozier

    (MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Wessex, Southampton Science Park, Southampton SO16 7NP, UK)

  • Keith M. Godfrey

    (MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK)

  • Michael Geary

    (Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Rotunda Hospital, D01 P5W9 Dublin, Ireland)

  • Hazel M. Inskip

    (MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
    NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK)

  • Catherine B. Hayes

    (Discipline of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, D24 DH74 Dublin, Ireland)

Abstract

Maternal smoking during pregnancy has established associations with poor perinatal outcomes. Among continuing pregnant smokers, harm-reduction strategies have been suggested, including temporary cessation of smoking during pregnancy, also known as partial quitting. Support for this strategy, however, remains limited. Six hundred and ninety-seven women in the Southampton Women’s Survey who smoked at their last menstrual period were categorised into sustained quitters, partial quitters (quit in either the first or third trimester but not both) or sustained smokers (continued to smoke throughout pregnancy). In regression models, compared with infants born to sustained smokers, infants born to sustained quitters and partial quitters were heavier at birth by β = 0.64 standard deviations (SD) (WHO z-score) (95% CI: 0.47–0.80) and 0.48 SD (WHO z-score) (95% CI: 0.24–0.72) respectively, adjusted for confounders, with similar patterns seen for other anthropometric measures (head circumference and crown–heel length). Sustained quitters had longer gestations by β = 3.5 days (95% CI: 1.8–5.2) compared with sustained smokers, but no difference was seen for partial quitters. While sustained quitting remains the most desired outcome for pregnant smokers, partial quitting should be explored as a strategy to reduce some of the harmful effects of smoking on offspring in those who cannot achieve sustained quitting.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin M. O’Donnell & Janis Baird & Cyrus Cooper & Sarah R. Crozier & Keith M. Godfrey & Michael Geary & Hazel M. Inskip & Catherine B. Hayes, 2020. "The Effects of Different Smoking Patterns in Pregnancy on Perinatal Outcomes in the Southampton Women’s Survey," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-13, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:21:p:7991-:d:437614
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Miriam Abraham & Salem Alramadhan & Carmen Iniguez & Liesbeth Duijts & Vincent W V Jaddoe & Herman T Den Dekker & Sarah Crozier & Keith M Godfrey & Peter Hindmarsh & Torstein Vik & Geir W Jacobsen & W, 2017. "A systematic review of maternal smoking during pregnancy and fetal measurements with meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 12(2), pages 1-13, February.
    2. Olga A. Kharkova & Andrej M. Grjibovski & Alexandra Krettek & Evert Nieboer & Jon Ø. Odland, 2017. "Effect of Smoking Behavior before and during Pregnancy on Selected Birth Outcomes among Singleton Full-Term Pregnancy: A Murmansk County Birth Registry Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-11, August.
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