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Hypertension Prevalence and Determinants among Black South African Adults in Semi-Urban and Rural Areas

Author

Listed:
  • Peter M. Mphekgwana

    (Research Administration and Development, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

  • Nancy Malema

    (Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

  • Kotsedi D. Monyeki

    (Department of Physiology and Environmental Health, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

  • Tebogo M. Mothiba

    (Faculty of Health Science, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

  • Mpsanyana Makgahlela

    (Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

  • Nancy Kgatla

    (Department of Nursing Science, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

  • Irene Makgato

    (Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

  • Tholene Sodi

    (Department of Psychology, University of Limpopo, Polokwane 0700, South Africa)

Abstract

The burden of hypertension is reported to be on the rise in developing countries, such as South Africa, despite increased efforts to address it. Using a cross-sectional study design, we assessed and compared the prevalence of and risk factors associated with hypertension amongst adults aged ≥18 years in semi-urban and rural communities (1187 semi-urban and 1106 rural). Trained community health workers administered the INTERHEART Risk Score tool and performed blood pressure assessments using the MEDIC Pharmacists Choice Blood Pressure Monitor. Hypertension was defined to be a systolic blood pressure (BP) ≥ 140 mmHg and diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify factors and determine their relationship with hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension amongst semi-urban and rural communities was 21% with no gender difference. In the semi-urban area, physical activity, family history, fruit intake, salty food, and eating meat were significantly associated with the odds of hypertension among women, whereas only the waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), diabetic status, and salty food were the predictors for rural women. Factors such as fried food and low fruit intake were significantly associated with the odds of hypertension among men in the semi-urban area, whereas only the WHR was significant among men in the rural area. Hypertension was found to be prevalent among semi-urban and rural adults in Limpopo Province, South Africa.

Suggested Citation

  • Peter M. Mphekgwana & Nancy Malema & Kotsedi D. Monyeki & Tebogo M. Mothiba & Mpsanyana Makgahlela & Nancy Kgatla & Irene Makgato & Tholene Sodi, 2020. "Hypertension Prevalence and Determinants among Black South African Adults in Semi-Urban and Rural Areas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(20), pages 1-12, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:20:p:7463-:d:427652
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    Cited by:

    1. Janke Zwane & Perpetua Modjadji & Sphiwe Madiba & Lucky Moropeng & Kabelo Mokgalaboni & Peter Modupi Mphekgwana & Andre Pascal Kengne & Zandile June-Rose Mchiza, 2023. "Self-Management of Diabetes and Associated Factors among Patients Seeking Chronic Care in Tshwane, South Africa: A Facility-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-21, May.
    2. Peter M. Mphekgwana & Musa E. Sono-Setati & Tania V. Mokgophi & Yehenew G. Kifle & Sphiwe Madiba & Perpetua Modjadji, 2023. "Retrospective Analysis of the Outcome of Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients with Coexisting Metabolic Syndrome and HIV Using Multinomial Logistic Regression," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(10), pages 1-15, May.

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