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Improvement of Periodontal Parameters with the Sole Use of Free Gingival Grafts in Orthodontic Patients: Correlation with Periodontal Indices. A 15-Month Clinical Study

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  • Marco Orsini

    (Private Practice Via Baldassarre Nardis, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
    Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain)

  • Dunia Benlloch

    (Private Practice Via Baldassarre Nardis, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy)

  • Juan José Aranda Macera

    (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
    Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain
    Private Practice Plaza Reyes Magos 10, 28007 Madrid, Spain)

  • Karina Flores

    (Private Practice Plaza Reyes Magos 10, 28007 Madrid, Spain
    Private Practice Calle Pasiòn, 13, 47001 Valladolid, Spain)

  • José-Vicente Ríos-Santos

    (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain)

  • Francisco Javier Pedruelo

    (Private Practice Calle Pasiòn, 13, 47001 Valladolid, Spain)

  • Blanca Ríos-Carrasco

    (Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Universidad de Sevilla, 41009 Seville, Spain)

  • Massimo di Cesare

    (Private Practice Via Patini, 67039 Sulmona, Italy)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in periodontal parameters solely using free gingival grafts during orthodontic treatment without any oral hygiene re-enforcement. Methods: A total of 19 patients underwent periodontal examination before orthodontic treatment. Patients received oral hygiene instruction and professional hygiene therapy. Where needed; full periodontal treatment was completed. Only periodontally stable patients were included in the study. Periodontal indices and keratinized tissue were recorded at time 0 (T0) (delivery of orthodontic appliances), and at three months (T1) during orthodontic therapy; when surgery was performed. At T1; orthodontically treated sites with minimum keratinized tissue (≤1 mm) received a free gingival graft to enhance the band of keratinized tissue. At three months after surgery (T2), new measurements were recorded. The orthodontics-treated sites after three months (T1) were used as control. The same sites were used as a test three months after mucogingival correction (T2). Between T1 and T2; orthodontics was suspended; no professional oral hygiene was performed; and no additional oral hygiene instructions were given to the patient. No oral hygiene procedures were administered for 15 months (T3), when the final recordings were taken. Results: The results showed that there was a worsening of gingival index (GI) and plaque index (PI) of the treated sites between T0 and T1 during initial orthodontics treatment; whereas there was an improvement of the gingival inflammation at T2 when compared with T1. At T2; there was also a statistically significant improvement in GI and PI compared with T0. A T3 improvement in periodontal parameters was sustained. A non-parametric test (Wilcoxon signed-rank test) was used for statistical analysis. Conclusions: Augmentation of the width of keratinized gingiva; as the sole treatment; favors the improvement of GI and PI during orthodontic therapy.

Suggested Citation

  • Marco Orsini & Dunia Benlloch & Juan José Aranda Macera & Karina Flores & José-Vicente Ríos-Santos & Francisco Javier Pedruelo & Blanca Ríos-Carrasco & Massimo di Cesare, 2020. "Improvement of Periodontal Parameters with the Sole Use of Free Gingival Grafts in Orthodontic Patients: Correlation with Periodontal Indices. A 15-Month Clinical Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(18), pages 1-11, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:17:y:2020:i:18:p:6578-:d:411215
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hsin-Chung Cheng & Hao-Ting Hu & Ya-Chu Chang, 2019. "Effectiveness of Enzyme Dentifrices on Oral Health in Orthodontic Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-10, June.
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