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Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Carbamazepine on the Release of Chitobiase, Molting, and Reproduction in Daphnia similis

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  • Huihui Chen

    (State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China)

  • Xiaohong Gu

    (State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China)

  • Qingfei Zeng

    (State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China)

  • Zhigang Mao

    (State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China)

Abstract

As one of the most frequently detected pharmaceutical compounds in aquatic environments, carbamazepine (CBZ) has recently been shown to cause acute and chronic toxicity in a variety of non-target aquatic organisms. However, little is known about the ecotoxicological effects it has on the molting and reproduction of crustaceans. The aim of the present work was to evaluate the acute and chronic toxic responses to CBZ in the crustacean Daphnia similis . After acute exposure (4 days), CBZ did not cause lethal toxicity at the tested concentrations. However, CBZ did inhibit the molting and release of chitobiase at concentrations higher than 6.25 μg/L, with 96 h EC 50 (median effective concentration) values of 864.38 and 306.17 μg/L, respectively. The results of chronic exposure showed that the mean number of molts, size of the first brood, mean number of offspring per brood, mean number of broods per female, and total offspring per female decreased significantly with increasing CBZ concentrations. Significant effects of CBZ on the molting or fecundity in D. similis were observed even at concentrations as low as 0.03 μg/L. In conclusion, CBZ can cause inhibition of molting, delayed reproduction, and reduced fecundity in D. similis . CBZ toxicity to D. similis depends on the timing and duration of the exposure. Moreover, our results indicated that CBZ would act as an endocrine disrupter in D. similis , as with vertebrates (e.g., fish).

Suggested Citation

  • Huihui Chen & Xiaohong Gu & Qingfei Zeng & Zhigang Mao, 2019. "Acute and Chronic Toxicity of Carbamazepine on the Release of Chitobiase, Molting, and Reproduction in Daphnia similis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:2:p:209-:d:197305
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yang Du & Wen-Qian Wang & Zhou-Tao Pei & Fahmi Ahmad & Rou-Rou Xu & Yi-Min Zhang & Li-Wei Sun, 2017. "Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jong Kwon Im & Sang Hun Kim & Young Seuk Kim & Soon Ju Yu, 2021. "Spatio-Temporal Distribution and Influencing Factors of Human and Veterinary Pharmaceuticals in the Tributary Surface Waters of the Han River Watershed, South Korea," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Huihui Chen & Huiting Yang & Yanyan Zhao & Xiaohong Gu & Christopher J. Martyniuk, 2020. "Development and Molecular Investigation into the Effects of Carbamazepine Exposure in the Zebrafish ( Danio rerio )," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-11, November.

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