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Environmental Influences on Mammographic Breast Density in California: A Strategy to Reduce Breast Cancer Risk

Author

Listed:
  • Barbara A. Cohn

    (Child Health and Development Studies, Public Health Institute, Berkeley, CA 94709, USA)

  • Mary Beth Terry

    (Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center and Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA)

Abstract

State legislation in many U.S. states, including California, mandates informing women if they have dense breasts on screening mammography, meaning over half of their breast tissue is comprised of non-adipose tissue. Breast density is important to interpret screening sensitivity and is an established breast cancer risk factor. Environmental chemical exposures may play an important role in this, especially during key windows of susceptibility for breast development: in utero, during puberty, pregnancy, lactation, and the peri-menopause. There is a paucity of research, however, examining whether environmental chemical exposures are associated with mammographic breast density, and even less is known about environmental exposures during windows of susceptibility. Now, with clinical breast density scoring being reported routinely for mammograms, it is possible to find out, especially in California, where there are large study populations that can link environmental exposures during windows of susceptibility to breast density. Density scores are now available throughout the state through electronic medical records. We can link these with environmental chemical exposures via state-wide monitoring. Studying the effects of environmental exposure on breast density may provide valuable monitoring and etiologic data to inform strategies to reduce breast cancer risk.

Suggested Citation

  • Barbara A. Cohn & Mary Beth Terry, 2019. "Environmental Influences on Mammographic Breast Density in California: A Strategy to Reduce Breast Cancer Risk," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-9, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:23:p:4731-:d:291269
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alana Smith & Gregory A. Vidal & Elizabeth Pritchard & Ryan Blue & Michelle Y. Martin & LaShanta J. Rice & Gwendolynn Brown & Athena Starlard-Davenport, 2018. "Sistas Taking a Stand for Breast Cancer Research (STAR) Study: A Community-Based Participatory Genetic Research Study to Enhance Participation and Breast Cancer Equity among African American Women in ," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Michael Goodman & Judy S. LaKind & Jerald A. Fagliano & Timothy L. Lash & Joseph L. Wiemels & Deborah M. Winn & Chirag Patel & Juliet Van Eenwyk & Betsy A. Kohler & Enrique F. Schisterman & Paul Alber, 2014. "Cancer Cluster Investigations: Review of the Past and Proposals for the Future," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-21, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nicholas J. Anthis & Marion H. E. Kavanaugh-Lynch, 2020. "The Global Challenge to Prevent Breast Cancer: Surfacing New Ideas to Accelerate Prevention Research," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-10, February.
    2. Gabriella M. McLoughlin & Eric M. Wiedenman & Sarah Gehlert & Ross C. Brownson, 2020. "Looking beyond the Lamppost: Population-Level Primary Prevention of Breast Cancer," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-11, November.

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