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Validation of the CIMI-Ethiopia Program and Seasonal Variation in Maternal Nutrient Intake in Enset (False Banana) Growing Areas of Southern Ethiopia

Author

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  • Tafese Bosha

    (Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
    College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia)

  • Christine Lambert

    (Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Simon Riedel

    (Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Ute Gola

    (Day Med Concept GmbH, Garbatyplatz 2, 13187 Berlin, Germany)

  • Aberra Melesse

    (College of Agriculture, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 5, Hawassa, Ethiopia)

  • Hans K. Biesalski

    (Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 30, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany)

Abstract

Background: Tools for the rapid and accurate analysis of nutrient intakes from diets of individuals in Southern Ethiopia are lacking. The Calculator of Inadequate Micronutrient Intake program for Ethiopia (CIMI-Ethiopia) has been developed to overcome this problem. CIMI-Ethiopia also computes protein and energy intakes from the diet. The objectives of the current study were to validate CIMI-Ethiopia for the dietary pattern of Southern Ethiopia, and assess the nutrient intakes in postharvest dry and lean wet seasons. Methods: 24-h dietary recall (24HR) data was collected from 578 women of a reproductive age in postharvest dry and lean wet seasons in 2017. For analysis, 24HR data was entered into NutriSurvey (NS), which was the reference nutrition software, and then into CIMI-Ethiopia. For validation, the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the difference between CIMI-Ethiopia and NS were computed. The percentage of participants with an inadequate intake was calculated. The correlation between CIMI-Ethiopia and NS results was determined. The nutrient intakes in postharvest dry and lean seasons were compared. Results: Among the nutrients, pantothenic acid, vitamin B1, and protein showed a very high accuracy in CIMI-Ethiopia calculation (|difference (D)| < 5.0% of the NS result). Nutrients with a good accuracy (|D| = 5%–15%) were iron, zinc, magnesium, vitamin B12, vitamin B6, and energy. The accuracy for calcium, niacin, and vitamin A was moderate (|D| = 15%–30%). The intakes calculated by CIMI-Ethiopia and NS of iron, zinc, magnesium, calcium, B-complex vitamins, vitamin A, protein, and energy were highly correlated (r = 0.85–0.97, p < 0.001). NS analysis identified a significant reduction in the mean intake of iron; zinc; magnesium; pantothenic acid; vitamin B1, B12, and D; protein; and energy in the lean wet season; however, calcium and vitamin A intake increased. Conclusions: It has been found that CIMI-Ethiopia is a valid tool for estimating nutrient intakes at an individual level in Southern Ethiopia. The study demonstrated a decline in intakes of iron; zinc; magnesium; pantothenic acid; vitamin B1, B12, and D; protein; and energy in the lean wet season. This result provides some hint for fortification and supplementation programs that aim to combat maternal malnutrition in rural Southern Ethiopia.

Suggested Citation

  • Tafese Bosha & Christine Lambert & Simon Riedel & Ute Gola & Aberra Melesse & Hans K. Biesalski, 2019. "Validation of the CIMI-Ethiopia Program and Seasonal Variation in Maternal Nutrient Intake in Enset (False Banana) Growing Areas of Southern Ethiopia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-13, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:16:p:2852-:d:256329
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tafese Bosha & Christine Lambert & Simon Riedel & Aberra Melesse & Hans K. Biesalski, 2019. "Dietary Diversity and Anthropometric Status of Mother–Child Pairs from Enset (False Banana) Staple Areas: A Panel Evidence from Southern Ethiopia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-15, June.
    2. Tadessa Daba & Masayoshi Shigeta, 2016. "Enset (Ensete Ventricosum) Production in Ethiopia: Its Nutritional and Socio-Cultural Values," Agriculture and Food Sciences Research, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 3(2), pages 66-74.
    3. Tadessa Daba & Masayoshi Shigeta, 2016. "Enset (Ensete Ventricosum) Production in Ethiopia: Its Nutritional and Socio-Cultural Values," Agriculture and Food Sciences Research, Asian Online Journal Publishing Group, vol. 3(2), pages 66-74.
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