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Comparison of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Somalis Living in Norway and Somaliland

Author

Listed:
  • Soheir H. Ahmed

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
    College of Medicine & Health Science, University of Hargeisa, 002563 Hargeisa, Somaliland
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Niki Marjerrison

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Marte Karoline Råberg Kjøllesdal

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
    Health Services Research, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0213 Oslo, Norway)

  • Hein Stigum

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway)

  • Aung Soe Htet

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
    International Relations Division, Ministry of Health and Sports, Nay Pyi, Taw 15011, Myanmar)

  • Espen Bjertness

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway)

  • Haakon E. Meyer

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway
    Division of Mental and Physical Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, 0473 Oslo, Norway)

  • Ahmed A. Madar

    (Department of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway)

Abstract

Objective: We aimed to assess and compare cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and predict the future risk of CVD among Somalis living in Norway and Somaliland. Method: We included participants (20–69 years) from two cross-sectional studies among Somalis living in Oslo ( n = 212) and Hargeisa ( n = 1098). Demographic data, history of CVD, smoking, alcohol consumption, anthropometric measures, blood pressure, fasting serum glucose, and lipid profiles were collected. The predicted 10-year risk of CVD was calculated using Framingham risk score models. Results: In women, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were significantly higher in Hargeisa compared to Oslo ( p < 0.001), whereas no significant differences were seen in men. The ratio of total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was significantly higher in Hargeisa compared to Oslo among both men (4.4 versus 3.9, p = 0.001) and women (4.1 versus 3.3, p < 0.001). Compared to women, men had higher Framingham risk scores, but there were no significant differences in Framingham risk scores between Somalis in Oslo and Hargeisa. Conclusion: In spite of the high body mass index (BMI) in Oslo, most CVD risk factors were higher among Somali women living in Hargeisa compared to those in Oslo, with similar patterns suggested in men. However, the predicted CVD risks based on Framingham models were not different between the locations.

Suggested Citation

  • Soheir H. Ahmed & Niki Marjerrison & Marte Karoline Råberg Kjøllesdal & Hein Stigum & Aung Soe Htet & Espen Bjertness & Haakon E. Meyer & Ahmed A. Madar, 2019. "Comparison of Cardiovascular Risk Factors among Somalis Living in Norway and Somaliland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-12, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:13:p:2353-:d:245331
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