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Welding Fume Exposure and Epigenetic Alterations: A Systematic Review

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  • Veruscka Leso

    (Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Ilaria Vetrani

    (Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Ilaria Della Volpe

    (Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Caterina Nocera

    (Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy)

  • Ivo Iavicoli

    (Section of Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy)

Abstract

Epigenetics are heritable changes in gene expression not coded in the DNA sequence, which stand at the interface between the genome, environmental exposure and development. From an occupational health perspective, epigenetic variants may link workplace exposures and health effects. Therefore, this review aimed to overview possible epigenetic effects induced by welding fumes on exposed workers and health implications. A systematic search was performed on Pubmed, Scopus, and ISI Web of Knowledge databases. DNA methylation changes have been reported in genes responsible for the cardiac autonomic function and coagulation, i.e., LINE-1, GPR133 and F2RL3, in mitochondrial-DNA-sequences involved in the regulation of energy-generation/redox-signaling, as well as in inflammatory activated genes, i.e., iNOS. However, the limited number of retrieved articles, their cross-sectional nature, the lack of a suitable qualitative-quantitative exposure assessment, and the heterogeneity of biological-outcomes investigated, prevent the extrapolation of a definite causal relationship between welding fumes and epigenetic phenomena. Future studies should clarify the function of such epigenetic alterations as possible markers of occupational exposure and early effect, dose-response relationships, and underlying molecular mechanisms. Overall, this may be helpful to guide suitable risk assessment and management strategies to protect the health of workers exposed to welding fumes.

Suggested Citation

  • Veruscka Leso & Ilaria Vetrani & Ilaria Della Volpe & Caterina Nocera & Ivo Iavicoli, 2019. "Welding Fume Exposure and Epigenetic Alterations: A Systematic Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-17, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:10:p:1745-:d:231941
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gerda Egger & Gangning Liang & Ana Aparicio & Peter A. Jones, 2004. "Epigenetics in human disease and prospects for epigenetic therapy," Nature, Nature, vol. 429(6990), pages 457-463, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tonje Trulssen Hildre & Hilde Heiro & Ingvill Sandven & Bato Hammarström, 2023. "Ambient Environmental Ozone and Variation of Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in Hairdressers and Healthcare Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(5), pages 1-10, February.

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