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Prevalence of Self-Reported Gluten-Related Disorders and Adherence to a Gluten-Free Diet in Salvadoran Adult Population

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  • Noé Ontiveros

    (División de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Navojoa, Sonora 85880, Mexico)

  • Cecilia Ivonne Rodríguez-Bellegarrigue

    (Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Luis Edmundo Vasquez, Departamento de Salud Pública, Universidad Dr. José Matias Delgado, Antiguo Cuscatlán 1502, El Salvador)

  • Gerardo Galicia-Rodríguez

    (Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Av. Cedros and Sauces Street, Los Fresnos, Culiacán, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico)

  • Marcela De Jesús Vergara-Jiménez

    (Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Av. Cedros and Sauces Street, Los Fresnos, Culiacán, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico)

  • Elia María Zepeda-Gómez

    (Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Av. Cedros and Sauces Street, Los Fresnos, Culiacán, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico)

  • Jesús Gilberto Arámburo-Galvez

    (Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Av. Cedros and Sauces Street, Los Fresnos, Culiacán, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico)

  • Martina Hilda Gracia-Valenzuela

    (Instituto Tecnológico del Valle del Yaqui, Block 611, Bácum, Valle del Yaqui, Sonora 82276, Mexico)

  • Francisco Cabrera-Chávez

    (Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Av. Cedros and Sauces Street, Los Fresnos, Culiacán, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico)

Abstract

Gluten-related disorders are not considered of relevance at public health level in Central America. The prevalence of gluten-related disorders, and adherence to a gluten-free diet, remain unknown in the Central American region. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the Central American population from San Salvador, El Salvador, to estimate the prevalence rates of self-reported gluten-related disorders and adherence to a gluten-free diet. 1326 individuals were surveyed. Self-reported prevalence rates were (95% Confidence Interval): gluten sensitivity 3.1% (2.3–4.2); physician-diagnosed celiac disease 0.15% (0.04–0.5); wheat allergy 0.75% (0.4–1.3); non-celiac gluten sensitivity 0.98% (0.5–1.6). The prevalence rate of adherence to a gluten-free diet was 7.0% (5.7–8.5). Seven self-reported physician diagnosed gluten-sensitive cases informed the co-existence of non-celiac gluten sensitivity with celiac disease and/or wheat allergy. Among the non-self-reported gluten sensitivity individuals following a gluten-free diet, 50% reported that they were seeing a health professional for gluten-free dietary advice. Gluten sensitivity is commonly reported in Salvadoran population, but some health professionals acknowledge the coexistence of wheat allergy, celiac disease, and non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Among studies at population level, the prevalence of adherence to a gluten-free diet in Salvadoran population is the highest reported until now. However, just a few of the gluten-free diet followers were doing it for health-related benefits; the others reported weight control and the perception that the diet is healthier as the main motivation for adopting such a diet.

Suggested Citation

  • Noé Ontiveros & Cecilia Ivonne Rodríguez-Bellegarrigue & Gerardo Galicia-Rodríguez & Marcela De Jesús Vergara-Jiménez & Elia María Zepeda-Gómez & Jesús Gilberto Arámburo-Galvez & Martina Hilda Gracia-, 2018. "Prevalence of Self-Reported Gluten-Related Disorders and Adherence to a Gluten-Free Diet in Salvadoran Adult Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-11, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:4:p:786-:d:141721
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    Cited by:

    1. Živa Lavriša & Maša Hribar & Anita Kušar & Katja Žmitek & Igor Pravst, 2020. "Nutritional Composition of Gluten-Free Labelled Foods in the Slovenian Food Supply," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-13, November.

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