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Toxicity of Naphthalene and Benzene on Tribollium castaneum Herbst

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  • Nerlis Pajaro-Castro

    (Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, Campus of Zaragocilla, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia
    Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Group, School of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, University of Sucre, Sincelejo 700003, Colombia)

  • Karina Caballero-Gallardo

    (Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, Campus of Zaragocilla, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia)

  • Jesus Olivero-Verbel

    (Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, Campus of Zaragocilla, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia)

Abstract

Naphthalene and benzene are widely-used volatile organic compounds. The aim of this research was to examine the toxicological effects of naphthalene and benzene against Tribolium castaneum as an animal model. Adult insects were exposed to these aromatic compounds to assess mortality after 4–48 h of exposure. The lethal concentration 50 (LC 50 ) for naphthalene, naphthalin, and benzene were 63.6 µL/L, 20.0 µL/L, and 115.9 µL/L in air, respectively. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed expression changes in genes related to oxidative stress and metabolism [Glutathione S-Transferase (Gst), and Cytochrome P450 6BQ8 (Cyp6bq8)]; reproduction and metamorphosis [Hormone receptor in 39-like protein (Hr39), Ecdysone receptor: (Ecr), and Chitin synthase 2 (Chs2)]; and neurotransmission [Histamine-gated chloride channel 2 (Hiscl2)] in insects exposed for 4 h to 70.2 µL/L naphthalene. Adults exposed to benzene (80 µL/L; 4 h) overexpressed genes related to neurotransmission [GABA-gated anion channel (Rdl), Hiscl2, and GABA-gated ion channel (Grd)]; reproduction and metamorphosis [Ultraspiracle nuclear receptor (USP), Ecr; and Hr39]; and development (Chs2). The data presented here provides evidence that naphthalene and benzene inhalation are able to induce alterations on reproduction, development, metamorphosis, oxidative stress, metabolism, neurotransmission, and death of the insect.

Suggested Citation

  • Nerlis Pajaro-Castro & Karina Caballero-Gallardo & Jesus Olivero-Verbel, 2017. "Toxicity of Naphthalene and Benzene on Tribollium castaneum Herbst," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-10, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:6:p:667-:d:102185
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Benjamin Edokpolo & Qiming Jimmy Yu & Des Connell, 2015. "Health Risk Assessment for Exposure to Benzene in Petroleum Refinery Environments," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, January.
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    Cited by:

    1. Kalé Z. Kponee & Jamaji C. Nwanaji-Enwerem & Xianqiang Fu & Iyenemi I. Kakulu & Marc G. Weisskopf & Chunrong Jia, 2018. "Elevated Indoor Volatile Organic Compound Exposure in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-11, September.

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