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Understanding the Relationship between Socio-Economic Status, Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour, and Adiposity in Young Adult South African Women Using Structural Equation Modelling

Author

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  • Lisa K. Micklesfield

    (MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa)

  • Richard J. Munthali

    (MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa)

  • Alessandra Prioreschi

    (MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa)

  • Rihlat Said-Mohamed

    (MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa)

  • Alastair Van Heerden

    (MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
    Human and Social Development Research Programme, Human Sciences Research Council, 22 Mbuvu Dr, Sweetwater, Pietermaritzburg 3201, South Africa)

  • Stephen Tollman

    (MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
    Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
    INDEPTH Network, 38 & 40 Mensah Wood Street, East Legon, Accra, Ghana)

  • Kathleen Kahn

    (MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa
    Epidemiology and Global Health Unit, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
    INDEPTH Network, 38 & 40 Mensah Wood Street, East Legon, Accra, Ghana)

  • David Dunger

    (Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge and Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK)

  • Shane A. Norris

    (MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2193, South Africa)

Abstract

Socio-economic status (SES) is an important predictor of obesity, but how it is associated with differences in physical activity and sedentary behaviour is less clear. This cross-sectional study examined the association between SES (sum of household assets), physical activity and sedentary time, and how they predict adiposity. Socio-demographic, anthropometric, and physical activity data on rural ( n = 509) and urban ( n = 510) South African women (18–23 years) were collected. Overweight and obesity prevalence, and sedentary time, were higher; and moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) was lower, in the urban sample. Structural equation models (SEMs) were constructed for BMI and waist circumference. In the urban sample SES had a direct inverse effect on MVPA (ß; 95% CI, −41.69; −73.40 to −9.98), while in the rural sample SES had a direct effect on BMI (ß; 95% CI, 0.306; 0.03 to 0.59). In the pooled sample, SES had a direct inverse effect on MVPA (ß; 95% CI, −144; −170.34 to −119.04), and MVPA was directly associated with BMI (ß; 95% CI, 0.04; 0.01 to 0.08). The influence of SES, and the role of physical activity and sedentary time on adiposity differs between the urban and rural samples, and the importance of other environmental and behavioural factors must be considered in the development of obesity and the design of effective interventions.

Suggested Citation

  • Lisa K. Micklesfield & Richard J. Munthali & Alessandra Prioreschi & Rihlat Said-Mohamed & Alastair Van Heerden & Stephen Tollman & Kathleen Kahn & David Dunger & Shane A. Norris, 2017. "Understanding the Relationship between Socio-Economic Status, Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviour, and Adiposity in Young Adult South African Women Using Structural Equation Modelling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(10), pages 1-12, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:10:p:1271-:d:116032
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mingling Chen & Yikang Wu & Hiroto Narimatsu & Xueqing Li & Chunmei Wang & Jianyong Luo & Genming Zhao & Zhongwen Chen & Wanghong Xu, 2015. "Socioeconomic Status and Physical Activity in Chinese Adults: A Report from a Community-Based Survey in Jiaxing, China," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(7), pages 1-12, July.
    2. repec:dau:papers:123456789/9988 is not listed on IDEAS
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    1. Emmanuel Cohen & Norbert Amougou & Amandine Ponty & Margaux Guerrien & Wakilongo Wakenge & Glory Chidumwa & Rihlat Said-Mohamed & Léopold K. Fezeu & Patrick Pasquet, 2022. "Direct and Indirect Determinants of Body Mass Index in Both Major Ethnic Groups Experiencing the Nutritional Transition in Cameroon," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-17, May.

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