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Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone and N,N -Diethyl-3 Methylbenzamide in Personal Care Products

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  • Hong-Qin Sun

    (School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China
    Taihu Lake Water Environment Engineering Research Center (Wuxi), Southeast University, 99 Linghu Street, Wuxi 214000, China)

  • Yang Du

    (School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China)

  • Zi-Yang Zhang

    (Department of Building, Civil, and Environmental Engineering, Concordia University, 1455 de Maisonneuve, Boulevard West, Montreal, QC H3G 1M8, Canada)

  • Wen-Jing Jiang

    (School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China)

  • Yan-Min Guo

    (School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China)

  • Xi-Wu Lu

    (School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China
    Taihu Lake Water Environment Engineering Research Center (Wuxi), Southeast University, 99 Linghu Street, Wuxi 214000, China)

  • Yi-Min Zhang

    (Research Center of Watershed Ecological Conservation and Water Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, 8 Jiangwangmiao Street, Nanjing 210042, China)

  • Li-Wei Sun

    (School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou, Nanjing 210096, China
    Taihu Lake Water Environment Engineering Research Center (Wuxi), Southeast University, 99 Linghu Street, Wuxi 214000, China)

Abstract

Benzophenone (BP) and N,N -diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) are two chemicals often used in personal care products (PCPs). There is a lack of systematic ecotoxicological evaluations about the two chemicals to aquatic organisms. In the present study, the acute toxic effects on Chlorella vulgaris , Daphnia Magana , and Brachydanio rerio were tested and the ecotoxicological risks were evaluated. For BP, the 96-h half-maximal effective concentration (EC 50 ) on C. vulgaris was 6.86 mg/L; the 24-h median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) on D. magana was 7.63 mg/L; the 96-h LC 50 on B. rerio was 14.73 mg/L. For DEET, those were 270.72 mg/L, 40.74 mg/L, and 109.67 mg/L, respectively. The mixture toxicity of BP and DEET, on C. vulgaris , D. magana , and B. rerio all showed an additive effect. The induced predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) for BP and DEET by assessment factor (AF) method are 0.003 mg/L and 0.407 mg/L, respectively. Both are lower than the concentrations detected from environment at present, verifying that BP and DEET are low-risk chemicals to the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Hong-Qin Sun & Yang Du & Zi-Yang Zhang & Wen-Jing Jiang & Yan-Min Guo & Xi-Wu Lu & Yi-Min Zhang & Li-Wei Sun, 2016. "Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone and N,N -Diethyl-3 Methylbenzamide in Personal Care Products," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:9:p:925-:d:78414
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Wen-Qian Wang & Hai-Xin Duan & Zhou-Tao Pei & Rou-Rou Xu & Ze-Tian Qin & Guang-Can Zhu & Li-Wei Sun, 2018. "Evaluation by the Ames Assay of the Mutagenicity of UV Filters Using Benzophenone and Benzophenone-1," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Yang Du & Wen-Qian Wang & Zhou-Tao Pei & Fahmi Ahmad & Rou-Rou Xu & Yi-Min Zhang & Li-Wei Sun, 2017. "Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-15, November.
    3. Jing Zhang & Wenqiang Wang & Zhoutao Pei & Jingya Wu & Ran Yu & Yimin Zhang & Liwei Sun & Yuexiang Gao, 2021. "Mutagenicity Assessment to Pesticide Adjuvants of Toluene, Chloroform, and Trichloroethylene by Ames Test," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(15), pages 1-12, July.

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