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Residential Proximity to Major Roadways and Lung Cancer Mortality. Italy, 1990–2010: An Observational Study

Author

Listed:
  • Ettore Bidoli

    (Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy)

  • Marilena Pappagallo

    (Division for Socio-Demographic and Environmental Statistics—Statistics on Health and Social Security, National Institute of Statistics, Rome 00184, Italy)

  • Silvia Birri

    (Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy)

  • Luisa Frova

    (Division for Socio-Demographic and Environmental Statistics—Statistics on Health and Social Security, National Institute of Statistics, Rome 00184, Italy)

  • Loris Zanier

    (Direzione Centrale Salute, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Servizio Regionale di Epidemiologia, Udine 33100, Italy)

  • Diego Serraino

    (Unit of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS, Aviano 33081, Italy)

Abstract

Background: Air pollution from road traffic has been associated to an increased risk of lung cancer. Herein, we investigated the association between lung cancer mortality and residence near Italian highways or national major roads. Methods: Information on deaths for lung cancer registered from 1990 to 2010 and stratified by age, gender, and urban or rural municipality of residence at death were obtained from the National Institute of Statistics. Distance between the centroid of the municipality of residence and closest major roadways was considered as a proxy of pollution exposure. Relative Risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were computed using Poisson log-linear models adjusted for age, calendar period, deprivation index, North/South gradient, and urban/rural status. Results: A gradient in risk for lung cancer mortality was seen for residents within 50 meters (m) of national major roads. In particular, in rural municipalities a statistically significant increased risk for lung cancer death was observed in both sexes (RR = 1.27 for distance <25 m vs. 500–1999 m, 95% CI 1.17–1.42, in men; RR = 1.97, 95% CI 1.64–2.39, in women). In urban municipalities, weak risks of borderline significance were documented in both sexes (RR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.99–1.15 in men; and RR = 1.09, 95% CI 0.97–1.22 in women). No statistically significant association emerged between residence within 100 to 500 m from highways and RRs of death for lung cancer. Conclusions: In Italy, residing near national major roads, in particular in rural municipalities, was related to elevated risks of death for lung cancer.

Suggested Citation

  • Ettore Bidoli & Marilena Pappagallo & Silvia Birri & Luisa Frova & Loris Zanier & Diego Serraino, 2016. "Residential Proximity to Major Roadways and Lung Cancer Mortality. Italy, 1990–2010: An Observational Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-9, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:13:y:2016:i:2:p:191-:d:63376
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    Cited by:

    1. Lijun Wang & Chuanhua Yu & Yu Liu & Jun Wang & Chunhui Li & Quan Wang & Peigang Wang & Shaotang Wu & Zhi-Jiang Zhang, 2016. "Lung Cancer Mortality Trends in China from 1988 to 2013: New Challenges and Opportunities for the Government," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-12, October.
    2. Zhiqing Zhao & Faying Lin & Bennett Wang & Yihai Cao & Xu Hou & Yangang Wang, 2016. "Residential Proximity to Major Roadways and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Mingliang Bai & Wenjiang Yang & Dongbin Song & Marek Kosuda & Stanislav Szabo & Pavol Lipovsky & Afshar Kasaei, 2020. "Research on Energy Management of Hybrid Unmanned Aerial Vehicles to Improve Energy-Saving and Emission Reduction Performance," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(8), pages 1-24, April.

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