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Occurrence of Escherichia coli, Campylobcter, Salmonella and Shiga-Toxin Producing E. coli in Norwegian Primary Strawberry Production

Author

Listed:
  • Gro S. Johannessen

    (Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, Oslo N-0106, Norway)

  • Karl F. Eckner

    (Vann-og Avløpsetaten, P.O. Box 4704 Sofienberg, 0506 Oslo, Norway)

  • Nina Heiberg

    (Gartnerhallen SA, P.O. Box 111 Alnabru, Oslo N-0614, Norway)

  • Marte Monshaugen

    (School of Veterinary Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P.O. Box 8146 Dep., Oslo N-0033, Norway)

  • Mumtaz Begum

    (Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, Oslo N-0106, Norway)

  • Marianne Økland

    (Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, Oslo N-0106, Norway)

  • Helga R. Høgåsen

    (Norwegian Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, Oslo N-0106, Norway)

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the bacteriological quality of strawberries at harvest and to study risk factors such as irrigation water, soil and picker’s hand cleanliness. Four farms were visited during the harvest season in 2012. Samples of strawberries, irrigation water, soil and hand swabs were collected and analyzed for E. coli , Campylobacter , Salmonella and STEC Although fecal indicators and pathogens were found in environmental samples, only one of 80 samples of strawberries was positive for E. coli (1.0 log 10 cfu/g) and pathogens were not detected in any of the strawberry samples. The water samples from all irrigation sources were contaminated with E. coli in numbers ranging from 0 to 3.3 log 10 cfu/g . Campylobacter (8/16 samples) and Salmonella (1/16 samples) were isolated from samples with high numbers of E. coli. The water samples collected from a lake had lower numbers of E. coli than the samples from rivers and a stream. The present study indicated continuous background contamination in the primary production environment. Although the background contamination was not reflected on the strawberries tested here, the results must be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of samples.

Suggested Citation

  • Gro S. Johannessen & Karl F. Eckner & Nina Heiberg & Marte Monshaugen & Mumtaz Begum & Marianne Økland & Helga R. Høgåsen, 2015. "Occurrence of Escherichia coli, Campylobcter, Salmonella and Shiga-Toxin Producing E. coli in Norwegian Primary Strawberry Production," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:12:y:2015:i:6:p:6919-6932:d:51265
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gro S. Johannessen & Aina C. Wennberg & Ingrid Nesheim & Ingun Tryland, 2015. "Diverse Land Use and the Impact on (Irrigation) Water Quality and Need for Measures — A Case Study of a Norwegian River," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-23, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiaohong Wei & Shuiping Hou & Xinhong Pan & Conghui Xu & Juntao Li & Hong Yu & Jennifer Chase & Edward R. Atwill & Xunde Li & Kuncai Chen & Shouyi Chen, 2019. "Microbiological Contamination of Strawberries from U-Pick Farms in Guangzhou, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Mieke Uyttendaele & Eelco Franz & Oliver Schlüter, 2015. "Food Safety, a Global Challenge," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-6, December.
    3. Gro S. Johannessen & Aina C. Wennberg & Ingrid Nesheim & Ingun Tryland, 2015. "Diverse Land Use and the Impact on (Irrigation) Water Quality and Need for Measures — A Case Study of a Norwegian River," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-23, June.

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