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Classifying Limited-Move Stability Cycles in 2 × 2 Games

Author

Listed:
  • Leandro Chaves Rêgo

    (Department of Statistics and Applied Mathematics, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza 60440-900, Brazil)

  • France Evellyn Gomes de Oliveira

    (Graduate Program in Statistics, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-540, Brazil)

  • Giannini Italino Alves Vieira

    (Crateús Campus, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Crateús 63700-000, Brazil)

  • D. Marc Kilgour

    (Department of Mathematics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada)

Abstract

The 2 × 2 game is the simplest non-trivial model of strategic interaction: there are two players, each has two strategies, and each has a strict preference ranking over the four possible outcomes. For models of play that depend only on the ranking of the outcomes, the catalog of 2 × 2 games permits many useful comparisons and contrasts. By interpreting a 2 × 2 game as a graph model, we obtain new data on the properties of limited-move ( L h ) stability. Specifically, for each 2 × 2 strict ordinal game, we determine the L h -stable outcomes; show how stability depends on the horizon, h ; and find the lengths of cycles and the numbers of moves until cycling begins. We then compare our observations with other classifications of these games and with the values of the conflict and harmony indices.

Suggested Citation

  • Leandro Chaves Rêgo & France Evellyn Gomes de Oliveira & Giannini Italino Alves Vieira & D. Marc Kilgour, 2025. "Classifying Limited-Move Stability Cycles in 2 × 2 Games," Games, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-21, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jgames:v:16:y:2025:i:5:p:54-:d:1769065
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Steven J. Brams, 1977. "Deception in 2 × 2 Games," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 2(2), pages 171-203, February.
    2. Bryan Randolph Bruns, 2015. "Names for Games: Locating 2 × 2 Games," Games, MDPI, vol. 6(4), pages 1-26, October.
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