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The Opportunities and Limitations of the Green Energy Transition to European Networks: A Perspective Paper Focusing on the European Union and Greece

Author

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  • Georgios Lampsidis Tompros

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of West Attica (UNIWA), Agiou Spiridonos 28, Egaleo, 122 43 Athens, Greece
    Hellenic Electricity Distribution Network Operator (HEDNO), Perrevou 20 & Kallirrois 5, 114 43 Athens, Greece)

  • Vassiliki T. Kontargyri

    (Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, University of West Attica (UNIWA), Agiou Spiridonos 28, Egaleo, 122 43 Athens, Greece)

  • Maria Fotopoulou

    (Independent Power Transmission System Operator (IPTO), Dirrachiou 89, 104 43 Athens, Greece)

  • Dimitrios Rakopoulos

    (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Egialias 52, Marousi, 151 25 Athens, Greece)

  • Kyriaki-Nefeli Malamaki

    (Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki (AUTH), 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece)

  • Sotirios Christopoulos

    (Hellenic Electricity Distribution Network Operator (HEDNO), Perrevou 20 & Kallirrois 5, 114 43 Athens, Greece)

  • Panagiotis Karafotis

    (Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), Egialias 52, Marousi, 151 25 Athens, Greece)

  • Ioannis Moraitis

    (Independent Power Transmission System Operator (IPTO), Dirrachiou 89, 104 43 Athens, Greece)

  • Konstantinos Kaousias

    (Hellenic Electricity Distribution Network Operator (HEDNO), Perrevou 20 & Kallirrois 5, 114 43 Athens, Greece)

Abstract

The current energy transition has shifted the power system paradigm, including distributed resources (mostly renewables) and energy storage systems, the proper incorporation of which is beneficial for the power system but can also cause issues such as network instability, grid congestion or issues with power quality. Moreover, the exponential electrification of loads, especially ones with dynamic behavior, due to most sectors switching to electric mode, with prominent examples including mobility, heating, hydrogen production and marine applications, can pose challenges for the system operators. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the effects of this transition from the perspective of the distribution and transmission systems in Europe generally, but also in Greece specifically, by presenting key performance indicators (technical, economic, environmental, and social) related to expected EU targets, as well as selected real-life applications, future trends and challenges.

Suggested Citation

  • Georgios Lampsidis Tompros & Vassiliki T. Kontargyri & Maria Fotopoulou & Dimitrios Rakopoulos & Kyriaki-Nefeli Malamaki & Sotirios Christopoulos & Panagiotis Karafotis & Ioannis Moraitis & Konstantin, 2026. "The Opportunities and Limitations of the Green Energy Transition to European Networks: A Perspective Paper Focusing on the European Union and Greece," Energies, MDPI, vol. 19(6), pages 1-29, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:19:y:2026:i:6:p:1400-:d:1890228
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