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Utility Harmonic Impedance Estimation Based on Isolation Forest and Bernaola Galvan Method

Author

Listed:
  • Xiaobin Yan

    (Southwest Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Chengdu 610056, China)

  • Shenhao Yang

    (Southwest Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Chengdu 610056, China)

  • Peng Zou

    (Southwest Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Chengdu 610056, China)

  • Yu Fan

    (Southwest Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Chengdu 610056, China)

  • Hao Tu

    (College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China)

  • Haoting Qin

    (Southwest Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Chengdu 610056, China)

  • Zhiqiang He

    (Southwest Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., China Power Engineering Consulting Group, Chengdu 610056, China)

Abstract

Traditional non-invasive harmonic impedance estimation methods often suffer from significant accuracy degradation or even failure under conditions of large background harmonic voltage fluctuations and abrupt changes in harmonic impedance. To address these challenges, a novel estimation method for utility harmonic impedance is proposed. First, a sliding-window-based isolation forest (IF) method is proposed to extract data segments exhibiting a strong correlation between harmonic voltage and current, thereby reducing the adverse impact of background harmonic voltage fluctuations on the impedance estimation results. Then, the Bernaola Galvan (BG) method is proposed to detect abrupt change points in harmonic impedance, and data are grouped accordingly based on the detected change points. Finally, a binary linear regression method is employed to estimate the utility harmonic impedance. The proposed method is validated using both simulation and field data, achieving relative errors below 4% and outperforming conventional methods under complex conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaobin Yan & Shenhao Yang & Peng Zou & Yu Fan & Hao Tu & Haoting Qin & Zhiqiang He, 2026. "Utility Harmonic Impedance Estimation Based on Isolation Forest and Bernaola Galvan Method," Energies, MDPI, vol. 19(16), pages 1-22, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:19:y:2026:i:16:p:3708-:d:2010434
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