IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v18y2025i18p4855-d1748086.html

Evaluating the Stability of the Iraq Secondary Transmission Power System Based on the Fault Tree Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Athraa Ali Kadhem

    (Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia
    General Directorate of Educational Planning, Ministry of Education, Baghdad 10015, Iraq)

Abstract

Recently, the demand for electricity in Iraq has increased; therefore, there is an increased demand for generating and transmitting electrical power. Furthermore, Iraq’s electricity grid is interconnected with neighboring countries to supply electricity and compensate for the shortage in energy production. This work investigates the reliability assessment of secondary power transmission systems in the Iraqi Electricity Power Distribution Network (IEPDN). A fault tree analysis (FTA) technique based on fault tracing paths was applied to assess the reliability of the secondary power system in Iraq, due to its ability to perform a computation for all failure probabilities of the network components. The reliability of the Northern Secondary Power System (NSPS) and the Southern Secondary Power System (SSPS) was calculated based on the fault probability index. Findings indicate the reliability of both the Northern and Southern secondary power systems. Therefore, the Southern and Northern power grids can be used to connect Iraq with neighboring countries to meet Iraq’s energy needs.

Suggested Citation

  • Athraa Ali Kadhem, 2025. "Evaluating the Stability of the Iraq Secondary Transmission Power System Based on the Fault Tree Analysis," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:18:p:4855-:d:1748086
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/18/4855/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/18/4855/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Prerita Odeyar & Derek B. Apel & Robert Hall & Brett Zon & Krzysztof Skrzypkowski, 2022. "A Review of Reliability and Fault Analysis Methods for Heavy Equipment and Their Components Used in Mining," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-27, August.
    2. Guopeng Song & Hao Chen & Bo Guo, 2014. "A Layered Fault Tree Model for Reliability Evaluation of Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 7(8), pages 1-23, July.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Federica Cucchiella & Idiano D’Adamo & Paolo Rosa, 2015. "Industrial Photovoltaic Systems: An Economic Analysis in Non-Subsidized Electricity Markets," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Mathieu Payette & Georges Abdul-Nour, 2023. "Machine Learning Applications for Reliability Engineering: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-22, April.
    3. Huiru Zhao & Nana Li, 2016. "Performance Evaluation for Sustainability of Strong Smart Grid by Using Stochastic AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-22, January.
    4. Kuei-Hu Chang, 2022. "A novel reliability calculation method under neutrosophic environments," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 315(2), pages 1599-1615, August.
    5. Kartick Bhushan & Somnath Chattopadhyaya & Shubham Sharma & Kamal Sharma & Changhe Li & Yanbin Zhang & Elsayed Mohamed Tag Eldin, 2022. "Analyzing Reliability and Maintainability of Crawler Dozer BD155 Transmission Failure Using Markov Method and Total Productive Maintenance: A Novel Case Study for Improvement Productivity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-17, November.
    6. Zhou, Jian-Lan & Lei, Yi, 2020. "A slim integrated with empirical study and network analysis for human error assessment in the railway driving process," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 204(C).
    7. Jacek Paś, 2023. "Issues Related to Power Supply Reliability in Integrated Electronic Security Systems Operated in Buildings and Vast Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-22, April.
    8. Zhou, Jian-Lan & Lei, Yi & Chen, Yang, 2019. "A hybrid HEART method to estimate human error probabilities in locomotive driving process," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 80-89.
    9. Mohammad Alhusban & Mohannad Alhusban & Ayah A. Alkhawaldeh, 2023. "The Efficiency of Using Machine Learning Techniques in Fiber-Reinforced-Polymer Applications in Structural Engineering," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-32, December.
    10. Enrique Personal & Antonio García & Antonio Parejo & Diego Francisco Larios & Félix Biscarri & Carlos León, 2016. "A Comparison of Impedance-Based Fault Location Methods for Power Underground Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-30, December.
    11. Dayo-Olupona, Oluwatobi & Genc, Bekir & Celik, Turgay & Bada, Samson, 2023. "Adoptable approaches to predictive maintenance in mining industry: An overview," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 86(PA).
    12. Jinchao Li & Tianzhi Li & Liu Han, 2018. "Research on the Evaluation Model of a Smart Grid Development Level Based on Differentiation of Development Demand," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-25, November.
    13. Zheng, Junjun & Okamura, Hiroyuki & Pang, Taoming & Dohi, Tadashi, 2021. "Availability importance measures of components in smart electric power grid systems," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 205(C).
    14. Hossein Abbaspour & Carsten Drebenstedt, 2023. "Truck–Shovel vs. In-Pit Crushing and Conveying Systems in Open Pit Mines: A Technical Evaluation for Selecting the Most Effective Transportation System by System Dynamics Modeling," Logistics, MDPI, vol. 7(4), pages 1-15, December.
    15. Siyu Tu & Mingtao Jia & Liguan Wang & Shuzhao Feng & Shuang Huang, 2023. "A Dynamic Scheduling Model for Underground Metal Mines under Equipment Failure Conditions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-18, April.
    16. Hossam A. Gabbar & Yahya Koraz, 2017. "Risk Assessment of Micro Energy Grid Protection Layers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-19, August.
    17. Gisliany Alves & Danielle Marques & Ivanovitch Silva & Luiz Affonso Guedes & Maria da Guia da Silva, 2019. "A Methodology for Dependability Evaluation of Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-23, May.
    18. Sergey Zhironkin & Elena Dotsenko, 2023. "Review of Transition from Mining 4.0 to 5.0 in Fossil Energy Sources Production," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(15), pages 1-35, August.
    19. Olga Zhironkina & Sergey Zhironkin, 2023. "Technological and Intellectual Transition to Mining 4.0: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-37, February.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:18:p:4855-:d:1748086. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager The email address of this maintainer does not seem to be valid anymore. Please ask MDPI Indexing Manager to update the entry or send us the correct address (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.