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An Improved Sampling-Based Impedance Bridge

Author

Listed:
  • Marian Kampik

    (Department of Measurement Science, Electronics and Control, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Krzysztof Musioł

    (Department of Measurement Science, Electronics and Control, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland)

  • Ryszard Rybski

    (Institute of Metrology, Electronics and Computer Science, University of Zielona Góra, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland)

  • Janusz Kaczmarek

    (Institute of Metrology, Electronics and Computer Science, University of Zielona Góra, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland)

  • Mirosław Kozioł

    (Institute of Metrology, Electronics and Computer Science, University of Zielona Góra, 65-417 Zielona Góra, Poland)

  • Jerzy Augustyn

    (Department of Computer Science, Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Kielce University of Technology, 25-314 Kielce, Poland)

  • Adam Ziółek

    (Electricity and Radiation Department, Central Office of Measures, 00-139 Warszawa, Poland)

  • Jolanta Jursza

    (Electricity and Radiation Department, Central Office of Measures, 00-139 Warszawa, Poland)

  • Maciej Koszarny

    (Electricity and Radiation Department, Central Office of Measures, 00-139 Warszawa, Poland)

Abstract

This paper describes an improved version of a sampling-based bridge designed for impedance calibration. Based on the original concept of the new multiplexer, which constitutes a key element of the improved impedance bridge, we propose a new procedure for determining the complex voltage ratio using both successive and simultaneous sampling. The procedure significantly improves the accuracy of impedance comparisons by eliminating digitizer gain errors and reducing errors caused by instabilities in the excitation voltages supplied by the precision sources driving the bridge arms. An implementation of the new procedure, employing an innovative cross-multiplexer together with modified software, is presented. We also provide an analysis of selected error sources, including the effects of digitizer nonlinearity, which is crucial when applying the modified method for determining the impedance ratio. Finally, validation results are presented, demonstrating the performance and accuracy of the SUT sampling-based bridge in comparison with another validated bridge used at the Italian National Metrology Institute (INRIM) in Turin.

Suggested Citation

  • Marian Kampik & Krzysztof Musioł & Ryszard Rybski & Janusz Kaczmarek & Mirosław Kozioł & Jerzy Augustyn & Adam Ziółek & Jolanta Jursza & Maciej Koszarny, 2025. "An Improved Sampling-Based Impedance Bridge," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(17), pages 1-13, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:17:p:4733-:d:1742904
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