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Environmental Stability of Li 6 PS 5 Cl 0.5 Br 0.5 Electrolyte During Lithium Battery Manufacturing and a Simplified Test Protocol

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  • Eman Hassan

    (Advanced Energy and Manufacturing Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA)

  • Siamak Farhad

    (Department of Mechanical, Aerospace and Biomedical Engineering, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA)

Abstract

In this study, we investigate the environmental stability of the sulfide-based argyrodite solid electrolyte Li 6 PS 5 Cl 0 . 5 Br 0 . 5 , a promising candidate for all-solid-state lithium batteries due to its high ionic conductivity and favorable mechanical properties. Despite its potential, the material’s sensitivity to ambient air humidity presents challenges for large-scale battery manufacturing. Moisture exposure leads to performance degradation and the release of toxic hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) gas, raising concerns for workplace safety. The objectives of this study are to validate the electrolyte synthesis process, evaluate the effects of air humidity exposure on its reactivity and ionic conductivity, and establish a standardized protocol for assessing environmental stability. We report a synthesis method based on ball milling and heat treatment that achieves an ionic conductivity of 2.11 mS/cm, along with a fundamental study incorporating modeling and formulation approaches to evaluate the electrolyte’s environmental stability. Furthermore, we introduce a simplified testing method for assessing environmental stability, which may serve as a benchmark protocol for the broader class of argyrodite solid electrolytes.

Suggested Citation

  • Eman Hassan & Siamak Farhad, 2025. "Environmental Stability of Li 6 PS 5 Cl 0.5 Br 0.5 Electrolyte During Lithium Battery Manufacturing and a Simplified Test Protocol," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-15, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:13:p:3391-:d:1689268
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Oluwasegun M. Ayoola & Alper Buldum & Siamak Farhad & Sammy A. Ojo, 2022. "A Review on the Molecular Modeling of Argyrodite Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-21, October.
    2. Eman Hassan & Mahdi Amiriyan & Dominic Frisone & Joshua Dunham & Rashid Farahati & Siamak Farhad, 2022. "Effects of Coating on the Electrochemical Performance of a Nickel-Rich Cathode Active Material," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, July.
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