IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v18y2025i10p2542-d1655706.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Reduced MACl Additives in NMP-Based Solvents

Author

Listed:
  • Junhyuk Gong

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Chemical Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea)

  • Simon MoonGeun Jung

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Chemical Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea
    Research Institute of Carbon Neutral Convergence Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea)

  • Gyu Min Kim

    (Department of Chemical Engineering, Research Center of Chemical Technology, Hankyong National University, Anseong 17579, Republic of Korea)

Abstract

Methylammonium chloride (MACl) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is a key additive known to enhance film quality in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-based systems, where an optimal concentration of 50 mol% is typically required. However, alternative solvent systems, such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), have shown potential to reduce additive concentrations while maintaining high performance. This study explored the NMP/DMF (1:9) solvent system and its impact on MACl optimization. The optimal concentration of MACl in NMP-based systems was reduced to 20–30 mol%, representing a substantial decrease from the 50 mol% typically required in DMSO-based formulations. Films produced under these conditions exhibited superior crystallinity, as evidenced by narrower full-width at half maximum (FWHM) values in X-ray diffraction (XRD), and reduced defect densities. These structural improvements translated into enhanced optoelectronic properties, with devices achieving efficiency exceeding 23%, compared with ~20% for DMSO-based counterparts. Furthermore, the NMP-based system demonstrated improved long-term stability under continuous illumination.

Suggested Citation

  • Junhyuk Gong & Simon MoonGeun Jung & Gyu Min Kim, 2025. "High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells Enabled by Reduced MACl Additives in NMP-Based Solvents," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-15, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:10:p:2542-:d:1655706
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/10/2542/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/10/2542/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:10:p:2542-:d:1655706. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.