Reservoir Characteristics of the Main Coal Seams in the Longtan Formation, Guxu Coal Mining Area, Sichuan

To facilitate the efficient exploration and development of coalbed methane of the Longtan Formation in the Guxu coal mining area, Sichuan, it is essential to evaluate the reservoir characteristics of the main production layers. In this study, scanning electron microscopy, low-temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption experiments, high-pressure mercury pressure experiments, and isothermal adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the reservoir characteristics of favorable coalbed methane reservoirs. The results indicate that the main coal seams in the Longtan Formation are medium-to-high ash content anthracite with a well-developed pore–fracture system. The pore size distribution exhibits both unimodal and bimodal types, while the pore morphology includes impermeable pores closed at one end, open permeable pores, and ink bottle-shaped pores. It shows that the middle part of Longtan Formation acts as an enrichment zone for coalbed methane, which is characterized by a stronger adsorption capacity, high Langmuir volume, high gas content, and high gas saturation distribution. The pH value, mineralization degree, and hydrogen–oxygen isotope of the produced water in the main coal seams indicate that the enrichment zone is typically located in a stagnant flow zone with a reducing environment and favorable storage conditions.