The Research and Development of a Jet Disturbance Combustion System for Heavy-Duty Diesel Engines

Herein, a diesel engine jet disturbance combustion system was proposed to achieve efficient and clean combustion under heavy load conditions in heavy-duty diesel engines. The key components of the combustion system were designed, and a research platform was constructed. Focusing on the internal combustion conditions of the disturbance chamber and the developmental path of high-speed jets, the design and comprehensive optimization of the jet disturbance combustion system were carried out. Following optimization, the peak internal heat release rate increased from 86 J/deg to 269 J/deg, and the cumulative heat release increased by 112 J, significantly enhancing the energy of the disturbance chamber jet. Then, considering combustion optimization and the heat transfer loss from the piston, it was determined that the optimal configuration for the disturbance chamber jet channel angles was 60 deg inter-channel angle and 10 deg channel incidence angle. This configuration allowed the disturbance chamber jet to precisely disturb the concentrated mixture area in the middle and late stages of combustion. The intervention of the disturbance chamber jet provided sufficient energy for the fuel–air mixing process and complicated the gas flow state in the main combustion chamber. Despite its low-momentum density, the residual mixture in the cylinder maintained a high mixing rate after the end of the fuel injection process. Single-cylinder engine test results showed that a diesel engine using this jet disturbance system and a 180 MPa common rail pressure fuel system achieved 52.12% thermal efficiency.