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Development of a Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for the Validation of a Small-Scale Wind System Control Strategy

Author

Listed:
  • Juan Martínez-Nolasco

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Mecatrónica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Mexico)

  • Víctor Sámano-Ortega

    (Doctorado en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Mexico)

  • José Botello-Álvarez

    (Doctorado en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Mexico)

  • José Padilla-Medina

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Mexico)

  • Coral Martínez-Nolasco

    (Departamento de Ingeniería Mecatrónica, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Mexico)

  • Micael Bravo-Sánchez

    (Doctorado en Ciencias de la Ingeniería, Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Celaya, Celaya 38010, Mexico)

Abstract

The use of renewable energies contributes to the goal of mitigating climate change by 2030. One of the fastest-growing renewable energy sources in recent years is wind power. Large wind generation systems have drawbacks that can be minimized using small wind systems and DC microgrids (DC-µGs). A wind system requires a control system to function correctly in different regions of its operating range. However, real-time analysis of a physical wind system may not be feasible. An alternative to counteract this disadvantage is using real-time hardware in the loop (HIL) simulation. This article describes the implementation of an HIL platform in an NI myRIO 1900 to evaluate the performance of control algorithms in a small wind system (SWS) that serves as a distributed generator for a DC-µG. In the case of an SWS, its implementation implies nonlinear behaviors and, therefore, nonlinear equations, and this paper shows a way to do it by distributing the computational work, using a high-level description language, and achieving good accuracy and latency with a student-oriented development kit. The platform reproduces, with an integration time of 10 µs, the response of the SWS composed of a 3.5 kW turbine with a fixed blade pitch angle and no gear transmission, a permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), and a three-phase full-bridge AC/DC electronic power converter. The platform accuracy was validated by comparing its results against a software simulation. The compared variables were the PMSG currents in dq directions, the turbine’s angular speed, and the DC bus’s voltage. These comparisons showed mean absolute errors of 0.04 A, 1.9 A, 0.7 rad/s, and 9.5 V, respectively. The platform proved useful for validating the control algorithm, exhibiting the expected results in comparison with a lab-scale prototype using the same well-known control strategy. Using a well-known control strategy provides a solid reference to validate the platform.

Suggested Citation

  • Juan Martínez-Nolasco & Víctor Sámano-Ortega & José Botello-Álvarez & José Padilla-Medina & Coral Martínez-Nolasco & Micael Bravo-Sánchez, 2023. "Development of a Hardware-in-the-Loop Platform for the Validation of a Small-Scale Wind System Control Strategy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-19, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:16:y:2023:i:23:p:7813-:d:1289063
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. KC, Anup & Whale, Jonathan & Urmee, Tania, 2019. "Urban wind conditions and small wind turbines in the built environment: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 268-283.
    2. Chen, Jian & Yao, Wei & Zhang, Chuan-Ke & Ren, Yaxing & Jiang, Lin, 2019. "Design of robust MPPT controller for grid-connected PMSG-Based wind turbine via perturbation observation based nonlinear adaptive control," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 478-495.
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