A Power Grid Partitioning Method for Short-Circuit Current Considering Multi-Scenario Security with an Improved Direct Current Model

In order to ensure the security of power grids and control the level of short-circuit currents, a multi-objective optimization method for power grid partitioning is proposed. This method takes into consideration both short-circuit currents and multi-scenario safety constraints. A power grid partitioning optimization model is established to achieve objectives such as minimizing disconnected lines, maximizing safety margins, and ensuring load balance in the main transformers. The model aims to satisfy constraints related to short-circuit current levels, base-case power flow, and N − 1 security. To address the significant deviation in the static security constraint model caused by large amounts of active power losses in large-scale power grids, an improved direct current model is proposed to reduce these errors and meet the accuracy requirements for grid partitioning optimization. Additionally, to adapt to the variability of renewable energy output, an optimization method is proposed, combining three scenarios of renewable energy generation while satisfying short-circuit current and static security constraints. The power grid partitioning model is mathematically formulated as a large-scale mixed-integer linear programming problem, which presents challenges in terms of hardware requirements and computational complexity when solved directly. To mitigate these challenges, equivalent WARD values are assigned to the short-circuit current constraints, base-case constraints, and anticipated fault-induced power flow constraints. Anticipated faults and bottleneck branches are accurately incorporated, and the problem is decomposed into smaller-scale mixed-integer linear programming problems, solved in a stepwise iterative manner. This approach significantly improves computational efficiency and meets the requirements of practical large-scale power grid applications. To validate the proposed model and algorithm, a simulation program is developed using C++, and a simulation analysis of a regional transmission network is conducted. The program ensures the correctness of the proposed model and demonstrates the effectiveness of the algorithm.