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Low-Carbon Retrofitting Path of Existing Public Buildings: A Comparative Study Based on Green Building Rating Systems

Author

Listed:
  • Ke Liu

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
    Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Construction Carbon Neutral Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China
    Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building Energy Efficiency, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
    Yangtze River Delta Institute of Carbon Neutrality for Human Settlement, Suzhou 215009, China)

  • Jianglan Tian

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
    Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building Energy Efficiency, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China)

  • Jianping Chen

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
    Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Construction Carbon Neutral Technology, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215011, China
    Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Building Energy Efficiency, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China)

  • Yueming Wen

    (School of Architecture, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China)

Abstract

Existing building carbon emissions contribute to global climate change significantly. Various Green Building Rating Systems (GBRS) have considered low-carbon requirements to regulate the emissions. Low-carbon retrofitting is an important way to reduce existing building CO 2 emissions. However, low-carbon retrofitting of existing public buildings is not sufficient and systematic, and there is a lack of research on low-carbon retrofitting from the perspective of GBRS. The purpose of this study is to propose a carbon emission control framework for existing public buildings based on GBRS analysis and guide the low-carbon retrofitting. This study makes comparisons among the Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED), Building Research Establishment Environmental Assessment Method (BREEAM), Green Mark (GM), and Assessment Standard for Green Retrofitting of Existing Buildings (ASGREB). A low-carbon retrofit pathway for existing public buildings is proposed from the GBRS research for the first time, encompassing six aspects: materials, energy, management, innovation, site, and water, involving 15 measures. Among them, measures on energy and materials are the main considerations, with weights of 18.3% and 17.7%, respectively. Six recommendations for implementation pathways are also given. Furthermore, the necessary measures, the importance of local context and quantification, priorities of materials, and energy scopes are defined.

Suggested Citation

  • Ke Liu & Jianglan Tian & Jianping Chen & Yueming Wen, 2022. "Low-Carbon Retrofitting Path of Existing Public Buildings: A Comparative Study Based on Green Building Rating Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:15:y:2022:i:22:p:8724-:d:978553
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Claudio Nägeli & Liane Thuvander & Holger Wallbaum & Rebecca Cachia & Sebastian Stortecky & Ali Hainoun, 2022. "Methodologies for Synthetic Spatial Building Stock Modelling: Data-Availability-Adapted Approaches for the Spatial Analysis of Building Stock Energy Demand," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Baitong & Li, Jian & Huang, Shihua, 2025. "Influencing factors of low-carbon renovation of public buildings from the perspective of stakeholders," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    2. Long Zhang & Meng Huo & Teng Zhou & Jiapeng Pan & Yin Xu, 2025. "Energy Flexibility Realization in Grid-Interactive Buildings for Demand Response: State-of-the-Art Review on Strategies, Resources, Control, and KPIs," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-21, September.
    3. Anna Piętocha & Wei Li & Eugeniusz Koda, 2025. "The Vertical City Paradigm as Sustainable Response to Urban Densification and Energy Challenges: Case Studies from Asian Megacities," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(19), pages 1-26, October.

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