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Bio-Based Carbon Materials from Potato Waste as Electrode Materials in Supercapacitors

Author

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  • Viola Hoffmann

    (Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Dennis Jung

    (Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Muhammad Jamal Alhnidi

    (Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Lukas Mackle

    (Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany)

  • Andrea Kruse

    (Conversion Technologies of Biobased Resources, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 9, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany)

Abstract

This study investigates the production of biobased carbon materials from potato waste and its application in energy storage systems such as supercapacitors. Three different categories of carbons were produced: hydrochar (HC) from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at three different temperatures (200 °C, 220 °C, 240 °C) and two different duration times (two hours and five hours), pyrolyzed hydrochar (PHC) obtained via pyrolysis of the HTC chars at 600 °C and 900 °C for two hours and pyrochar from the pyrolysis of biomass at 600 °C and 900 °C for two hours. The carbon samples were analysed regarding their physico-chemical properties such as elemental composition, specific surface area, bulk density and surface functionalities as well as their electrochemical characteristics such as electric conductivity and specific capacity via cyclic voltammetry. N- and O-enriched carbon materials with promising specific surface areas of up to 330 m 2 g −1 containing high shares of microporosity were produced. Electric conductivities of up to 203 S m −1 and specific capacities of up to 134 F g −1 were obtained. The presence of high contents of oxygen (4.9–13.5 wt.%) and nitrogen (3.4–4.0 wt.%) of PHCs is assumed to lead to considerable pseudocapacitive effects and favor the high specific capacities measured. These results lead to the conclusion that the potential of agricultural biomass can be exploited by using hydrothermal and thermochemical conversion technologies to create N- and O-rich carbon materials with tailored properties for the application in supercapacitors.

Suggested Citation

  • Viola Hoffmann & Dennis Jung & Muhammad Jamal Alhnidi & Lukas Mackle & Andrea Kruse, 2020. "Bio-Based Carbon Materials from Potato Waste as Electrode Materials in Supercapacitors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-28, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:9:p:2406-:d:356752
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Alba Dieguez-Alonso & Axel Funke & Andrés Anca-Couce & Alessandro Girolamo Rombolà & Gerardo Ojeda & Jörg Bachmann & Frank Behrendt, 2018. "Towards Biochar and Hydrochar Engineering—Influence of Process Conditions on Surface Physical and Chemical Properties, Thermal Stability, Nutrient Availability, Toxicity and Wettability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(3), pages 1-26, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Jakub Lach & Kamil Wróbel & Justyna Wróbel & Andrzej Czerwiński, 2021. "Applications of Carbon in Rechargeable Electrochemical Power Sources: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-29, May.
    2. David Chiaramonti & Andrea Kruse & Marco Klemm, 2020. "Special Issue “Hydrothermal Technology in Biomass Utilization & Conversion II”," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-2, December.
    3. Francesca Lionetto & Sonia Bagheri & Claudio Mele, 2021. "Sustainable Materials from Fish Industry Waste for Electrochemical Energy Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-19, November.

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