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Flow Characteristics of Water-HPC Gel in Converging Tubes and Tapered Injectors

Author

Listed:
  • Qin-Liu Cao

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

  • Mehrdad Massoudi

    (U.S. Department of Energy, National Energy Technology Laboratory (NETL), Pittsburgh, PA 15236, USA)

  • Wen-He Liao

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

  • Feng Feng

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

  • Wei-Tao Wu

    (School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094, China)

Abstract

Gelled fuels combine the main advantages of liquid fuels (throttle ability) and solid fuels (easy handling, etc.) due to their non-Newtonian characteristics. In this paper, we study the flow characteristics of water-hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC) gel in converging tubes and tapered injectors which mimic the flow and injection of kerosene gel in typical geometries of propulsion systems. The water-HPC gel is modeled as a non-linear fluid, where the shear viscosity is assumed to depend on the local shear rate and modeled by the Carreau–Yasuda model; the model parameters are fitted with our experimental measurements done by a rotational rheometer. The numerical simulations indicate that for the converging tubes, increasing the convergence angle, causes the mean apparent viscosity at tube exit to decrease while the mass flow rate reduces at a constant pressure drop. Therefore, there is a balance between the lowering of the pressure loss and reducing mean apparent viscosity. In the tapered injectors, the straight pipe after the converging part has a detrimental effect on the viscosity reduction.

Suggested Citation

  • Qin-Liu Cao & Mehrdad Massoudi & Wen-He Liao & Feng Feng & Wei-Tao Wu, 2019. "Flow Characteristics of Water-HPC Gel in Converging Tubes and Tapered Injectors," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-16, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:9:p:1643-:d:227112
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wei-Tao Wu & Nadine Aubry & James F. Antaki & Mark L. McKoy & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2017. "Heat Transfer in a Drilling Fluid with Geothermal Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-18, September.
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    Cited by:

    1. Hao Zhou & Feng Feng & Qin-Liu Cao & Changsheng Zhou & Wei-Tao Wu & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2022. "Heat Transfer and Flow of a Gel Fuel in Corrugated Channels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-19, October.
    2. Meng-Ge Li & Feng Feng & Wei-Tao Wu & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2020. "Numerical Simulations of the Flow of a Dense Suspension Exhibiting Yield-Stress and Shear-Thinning Effects," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-21, December.
    3. Qin-Liu Cao & Wei-Tao Wu & Wen-He Liao & Feng Feng & Mehrdad Massoudi, 2020. "Effects of Temperature on the Flow and Heat Transfer in Gel Fuels: A Numerical Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.

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