The Relationship between Globalization and Energy Consumption in Turkey: Frequency Domain Causality Analysis

The positive and negative aspects of the globalization process are among the main topics discussed from past to present. The borders between countries have disappeared, especially with technological developments and developments in world trade. The main goal of countries is to increase social welfare. In order to achieve the economic growth target, the provision of energy input is very important. The transformation of energy resources from fossil energy to renewable energy is an important requirement in terms of sustainable energy supply. The development of economic, social and political relations between countries is of critical importance in terms of the transformation from fossil energy to renewable resources and course of energy consumption. The development of economic, social and political relations between countries is critical for the transformation and course of energy consumption. The purpose of this study, in Turkey, empirically investigate the relationship between economic, social and political globalization and energy consumption. For the mentioned research, the time series method with annual data from 1970-2017 was used. Empirical findings show that there is a long-term relationship between variables. Long-term coefficients of variables are statistically insignificant. In the causality tests, while there was no causality in the Hacker and Hatemi-J test, in the frequency distribution test, Breitung and Candelon (2006) found causal relationships in the long, medium and short term. It is concluded that there is a relationship between social and political globalization and economic growth and energy consumption.