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Measuring Maritime Disruptions: A Route-Based Index of US Import Exposure

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Abstract

We construct a monthly maritime pressure index that measures US import exposure to disruptions using public trade and vessel-traffic data. The index weights disruptions along shipping routes by the value of imports using those routes, showing which goods are exposed and where they enter the country. It peaked in January 2024, at about five times its 2022–23 average, as the Red Sea disruption coincided with drought restrictions at the Panama Canal. That episode exposed a broad range of nonenergy goods entering mainly through East Coast ports. The 2026 Hormuz disruption was narrower, concentrating pressure on energy imports and refining centers along the Gulf and West Coasts.

Suggested Citation

  • Simon Fuchs & Fernando Leibovici, 2026. "Measuring Maritime Disruptions: A Route-Based Index of US Import Exposure," Policy Hub, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, vol. 2026(9), pages 1-16, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:fip:a00068:103992
    DOI: 10.29338/ph2026-09
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    JEL classification:

    • C43 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods: Special Topics - - - Index Numbers and Aggregation
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • R41 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Transportation Economics - - - Transportation: Demand, Supply, and Congestion; Travel Time; Safety and Accidents; Transportation Noise

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